Hegira (from the Arabic hijra, which means breaking off relations, abandoning one's tribe, or migrating) refers to the departure of the Prophet Muhammad from Mecca in AD 622. His criticism of the polytheism of the Meccan religion had angered the merchants of Mecca, who were reaping large profits from pilgrims. Forced into exile, Muhammad went to Yathrib (later renamed Medina) and became its ruler. Hegira的阿拉伯语希吉拉，即断绝关系，放弃一个人的部落，或者迁移是指到了从公元622年的麦加先知穆罕默德的离去，他在麦加宗教的多神教的批评已经激怒了麦加的客商，穆罕默德从朝圣者获得巨额利润。被迫流亡，到Yathrib去（后更名为麦地那），并成为它的统治者。 The caliph Umar I (d. 664) proclaimed the start of the Muslim era (dated AH, annus hegirae) from the first day (July 16, 622, by the Julian calendar) of the lunar year in which the hegira occurred.哈里发欧麦尔我（卒于664）宣布，从第一天开始的穆斯林时代（月啊，安努斯hegirae）（7月16日，622，儒略历）农历hegira发生。 The term is also applied to any Muslim emigration.这个术语也适用于任何穆斯林移民。
Hegira or Hejira (Arabic hijrah,"flight"), specifically, flight in AD622 of Muhammad from Mecca to Yathrib (now Medina), both in what is now Saudi Arabia; by extension, the term is applied to any similar flight or emigration. Hegira或Hejira（阿拉伯语hijrah，“飞行”），具体而言，飞行AD622穆罕默德从麦加到Yathrib（现在梅迪纳），无论在什么是现在的沙特阿拉伯;推而广之，任期是适用于任何类似的飞行或移民。 Caliph Umar I selected the year of the Hegira as the first year of the Muslim era.作为穆斯林时代的第一年，哈里发欧麦尔我选择Hegira年。 Hence, AD622 became 1 AH (anno hegirae) in the Muslim calendar, which Umar systematized in 639.因此，AD622成为1 AH（ANNO hegirae）在穆斯林的日历，欧麦尔在639系统化。
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Muhammad's position in Mecca was becoming more and more unsupportable (due to his insistence on one god rather than the many that the Meccans worshipped).穆罕默德在麦加的地位越来越不合理的（由于他的坚持，而不是很多，麦加人崇拜一个上帝）。 He sought to establish himself in Taif without success.他试图在塔伊夫建立自己没有成功。
Muhammad met a group of people from the oases of Yathrib (or Medina, as it later came to be known), who realized that Muhammad might help them with their domestic political problems.穆罕默德会见了Yathrib绿洲的人组（或麦地那，因为它后来被称为），他意识到，穆罕默德可能帮助其国内的政治问题。 They absorbed Islam from Muhammad and returned to Medina to preach the new religion.他们吸收穆罕默德伊斯兰教，并返回到麦地那，以宣扬新的宗教。 In 622, a larger group of Medinese pledged their support and agreed to grant him protection.在622中，一个较大的集团已抵押的Medinese的支持，并同意给予他的保护。
Muhammad urged his Meccan supporters to emigrate to Medina, while he himself became the last to leave the town.穆罕默德敦促他的麦加支持者，麦地那移民，而他本人则成为最后一个离开镇。 The migration (or Hijra) of the Prophet was later taken as the starting point of Muslim chronology.先知迁移（或希吉拉）后来被穆斯林年表的起点。 (According to tradition, the Hijra took place in September 622; however, the Muslim era starts at the beginning of the Arab year in which the Hijra took place, ie 16 July 622.) （按照传统，在希吉拉622九月举行，然而，穆斯林时代的希吉拉发生，即622年7月16日在阿拉伯今年初开始。）
Medina at the time of Muhammad's arrival was inhabited by eight large clans of Arabs and three major clans of Jews.居住在麦地那是穆罕默德的到来的时候，由8个大部落的阿拉伯人和犹太人的三个主要部族。 For years there had been feuding between the clans, culminating in a great battle in 618, in which many were slaughtered.多年来，有被各部族之间的争斗的，最终在一个伟大的战斗中，在618家，其中许多被宰杀。 With the aim of creating political stability, Muhammad established a community of people (umma) made up of his followers from Mecca and the people of Medina.穆罕默德创造政治稳定的目的，建立了人民的共同体（乌玛）麦加和麦地那人从他的追随者。 All important problems were to be laid before him and God.所有重要的问题之前，他和神下岗。 All the new arrangements are contained in a document called the Constitution of Medina, and as [author Michael] Cook puts it, "[one of the major interests] of the parties of the document is the waging of war."所有新的安排，都包含在一个文件被称为麦地那宪法，迈克尔[作者]库克所说的那样，“文档各方重大利益]是发动战争。”
Ibn Warraq伊Warraq
This subject presentation in the original English language这在原来的主题演讲， 英语