Moses was a leader of the ancient Hebrews who brought them out of Egypt in the so-called Exodus (c.1250 BC), mediated the covenant between them and Yahweh at Sinai, and guided them through the desert to the borders of Canaan.摩西是一个领导者的古代希伯来人，他们带来了他们走出埃及在所谓的外流（ c.1250 BC ）的，导盟约之间以及它们雅威在西奈半岛，并引导他们通过沙漠到边界的迦南。 The biblical tradition assigns him a life span of 120 years, but the reliability of this figure is questioned.圣经中的传统派他的寿命为120年，但可靠性的，这个数字提出质疑。
The books of Exodus through Deuteronomy in the Bible are the only available sources for details about Moses' life. 本书的出埃及记通过申命记在圣经中是唯一可利用的资源，为详细了解摩西的生活。 No contemporary Egyptian documents yet found mention him, and the later traditions about him recorded in the work of Philo of Alexandria and in Josephus and rabbinic sources appear to be mere elaborations of the biblical story. Moreover, the biblical story is a composite of sources, the earliest of which postdates Moses by more than 200 years and allows ample time for legendary accretions. 没有当代埃及文件，但发现一提他，并在后来的传统有关他的记录在工作斐洛的亚历山德里亚，在约瑟夫和rabbinic来源似乎仅是阐释的圣经故事，而且，圣经故事，是一个综合的来源，最早的，其中postdates摩西由超过200年，并允许有充裕时间传奇accretions 。 The story of the baby Moses in the reed basket on the Nile, for example, is a typical legend about a famous man's childhood.故事中的婴儿摩西在芦苇篮子对尼罗河，举例来说，是一个典型的传说，有一个著名的人的童年。 The same basic story is also told about Sargon, king of Akkad (c.2350 BC).相同的基本故事也告诉约sargon ，国王阿凯德（ c.2350 BC ）的。
According to the biblical account, Moses grew up at the pharaoh's court but was forced to flee to Midian after killing an Egyptian whom he had seen strike an Israelite.据圣经中的帐号，摩西长大，在老王的法院，但被被迫逃往位后，杀死一名埃及人，其中他看到罢工的一个israelite 。 Moses' presence at the pharaoh's court may be explained by the Egyptian practice of taking hostages from their Semitic vassals, giving them Egyptian training, and sending them back to lead their people with an ingrained Egyptian point of view.摩西驻留在老王的，法院可予以解释，由埃及实践劫持人质从他们的反犹附庸，使他们埃及培训，并送他们回导致本国人民同一种根深蒂固埃及的观点。 Such a background might also explain the story of Moses' adoption by the pharaoh's daughter.在这样的背景下还可能解释的故事，摩西通过老王的女儿。
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Moses returned to Egypt to confront the pharaoh with Yahweh's demand.摩西回到埃及对抗法老与雅威的需求。 After a long struggle involving ten plagues and culminating in the slaying of the first-born of the Egyptians, the pharaoh permitted Israel to leave.经过长期的斗争，涉及10个瘟疫和最终杀害了头胎生的埃及人，法老允许以色列离开。 He then changed his mind, but God drowned the pursuing Egyptians in the Reed (traditionally, Red) Sea.他后来又改了主意，但神溺毙追求埃及人在芦苇（传统上，红色）大海。 The ancient poem in Exodus 15 celebrates this victory, but the actual event cannot be reconstructed from this poetic account.古代诗歌在逃亡15庆祝这一胜利，但实际的活动，不能改从这个诗意的帐户。
After the Israelites experienced Yahweh's deliverance in the Exodus, Moses led them to the sacred mountain--named Sinai in one source, Horeb in another.经过以色列人经历雅威的解脱，在出埃及记，摩西带领他们神圣的山脉-命名西奈来源之一，在何烈另一个。 There God appeared to them in a frightening display of thunder and lightning.有上帝似乎给他们一个可怕的展示雷电。 Moses went up into the mountain and returned with God's instructions including the Ten Commandments.摩西上升到山区和归侨与上帝的指示，其中包括十诫命。 Thus Moses mediated the Covenant God made with the people of Israel.因此摩西导盟约上帝与以色列人民。 As covenant mediator Moses was a lawgiver, and his status became such that all of Israel's laws were attributed to him, even much later ones (see Torah).作为公约调停摩西是一个lawgiver ，他的身份成了这种以色列的所有法律，是由于他的，甚至更晚的（见律法） 。
Israel remained in the desert under Moses' leadership for a number of years, camping at Qadesh and other oases.但以色列依然在沙漠下的摩西领导工作数年，露营，在qadesh和其他绿洲。 The Old Testament tells of many conflicts between Moses and the people during this time.旧约告诉许多矛盾摩西和人民在这段时间。 The most dramatic one concerned the Golden Calf set up by Moses' brother Aaron while Moses was on Mount Sinai (or Horeb).最具戏剧性的一个关注金犊成立了摩西的弟弟亚伦，而摩西在西奈山（或何烈） 。
Although this was a trying period, these stories of conflict were probably shaped in part by much later struggles, making it difficult to determine how much of the story belongs to the Mosaic age and how much was added later.虽然这是一个艰难的时期，这些故事的冲突很可能形成部分晚得多斗争中，因此难以确定究竟有多少故事，属于其花叶年龄，又有多少是补充。 Moses died before Israel crossed into Canaan.摩西去世前，以色列越界进入迦南。
JJM Roberts jjm罗伯茨
Bibliography
参考书目
Beegle, DM,
Moses: The Servant of Yahweh (1972); Bright, John, A History of Israel,
rev. beegle ，德国马克，摩西：仆人的雅威（ 1972年） ;光明的，约翰，历史，以色列，冯智活。 ed.教育署。 (1972); Buber, Martin, Moses: The
Revelation and the Covenant, new ed. （ 1972年）
;布伯，马丁，摩西：启示和盟约，新的海关。 (1958; repr. 1987); Childs, Brevard,
The Book of Exodus (1974); Daiches, David, Moses: The Man and His Vision (1975);
Hermann, Siegfried, Israel in Egypt (1973); Maimonides, Moses, The Reason of the
Laws of Moses, ed. （ 1958年; repr 。 1987 ） ;婴儿， brevard ，这本书的出埃及记（ 1974 ）
;戴希斯，大卫，摩西：他的为人和他的远见（ 1975年） ;赫尔曼，和解决方案，以色列在埃及（ 1973年）
;迈蒙尼德，摩西，因为该法律的摩西，教育署。 by J. Townley (1827; repr. 1975); Noth,
Martin, A History of Pentateuchal Traditions (1972); Wellek, Rene, ed., The
Divine Legation of Moses Demonstrated, 4 vols., 2d ed.由J. townley （
1827年; repr 。 1975年） ;以北，马丁史pentateuchal传统（ 1972年） ;韦勒克雷尼，编辑，神圣legation的摩西表明，
4卷，第2版。 (1978); Zeligs,
DF, ed., Moses: A Psychodynamic Study (1986). （ 1978年） ;
zeligs联邦区，海关，摩西：心理研究（ 1986年） 。
Moses is often called the founder of the religion of Israel; one of the most striking and important figures of the OT.摩西往往被称为创办人的宗教以色列，其中最引人注目和重要人物的城市旅游局。 The Pentateuch attests to his central role in the exodus of the Israelites from Egypt and in the giving of the law on Mount Sinai.该pentateuch证明了他的核心作用，在流亡的犹太人从埃及和给予法律上西乃山。
Although Moses is not mentioned in historical sources outside the Bible, the OT traditions form a rich tapestry of interpretation of his life and mission.虽然摩西是没有提到的历史根源外圣经，城市旅游局的传统，形成丰富的挂毯解释他的生活和使命。 His name (derived from the Egyptian ms, "to give birth" or "to bear"; cf. Thutmose, "Thoth is born") and the Egyptian provenance of the Exodus account are incontrovertible evidence of the historical basis of Moses' role; and the biblical tradition, while complex, focuses on Moses and no one else for this portion of sacred history.他的名字（来自埃及女士， "要分娩"或"熊" ;比照thutmose ， "透特是出生" ）和埃及出处外流帐户都是无可辩驳的证据的历史基础摩西作用;和圣经传统，而复杂的，侧重于摩西，并没有其他人，为这部分人的神圣历史。
Traditionally Moses' life has been divided into three forty-year stages (Acts 7:20-34).传统上摩西的生命被划分为三个40年分期（行为7:20-34 ） 。 Moses was threatened at birth by Pharaoh's decree aimed at annihilation of the people of Israel; his mother's daring ploy to save him led to his adoption into the Egyptian royal family (Exod. 2:1-10).摩西是威胁出生时，由老王的法令，旨在毁灭以色列人民，他的母亲的大胆伎俩救他，导致他收养到埃及王室（ exod. 2:1-10 ） 。 The young man Moses, now a man of two national identities, defended a Hebrew slave, killed an Egyptian officer, and fled into exile from Egypt.青年男子摩西，现在一个人的两个国家认同，捍卫希伯来奴隶，打死了一名埃及军官，并逃入从流亡埃及。 During the second period of his life Moses was adopted into the Midianite (Kenite) family of Jethro (or Reuel) as a "stranger in a strange land" (Exod. 2:11-22).在第二个时期是他一生摩西获得通过成为midianite （基尼人）的家属jethro （或reuel ）作为一个"陌生人，在一个陌生的土地" （ exod. 2:11-22 ） 。
God, however, had not forgotten his covenant with the patriarchs and called Moses in the burning bush to be his spokesman before Pharaoh and agent of deliverance for Israel (Exod. 3:1-10).上帝，但并没有忘记他的内容与patriarchs ，并呼吁摩西在燃烧，布什是他的发言人之前，老王和代理人的解脱，为以色列（ exod. 3:1-10 ） 。 God revealed his sacred name (YHWH) to Moses and equipped him with miraculous powers (Exod. 3:11-7:13).上帝暴露了他神圣的名字（ yhwh ） ，摩西，并设有他奇迹般的权力（ exod. 3:11-7:13 ） 。 After calling down God's judgment against Egypt in plagues and passover (Exod. 7:14-13:16), Moses led the people out of Egypt, and the Lord saved Israel by the miracle at the Red Sea (Exod. 14-15).她在呼吁降低上帝的判断，对埃及在瘟疫和逾越节（ exod. 7:14-13:16 ） ，摩西带领人民走出埃及，并且上帝拯救以色列所奇迹，在红海（ exod. 14-15 ） 。 Thus the people "believed in the Lord and in his servant Moses."因此，在民" ，相信在上帝和他的仆人摩西" 。 Then at Mount Sinai the Lord revealed himself in a theophany and dictated the Decalogue (Exod. 19:16-20:17); however, the people demanded that Moses conclude God's covenant with them (Exod. 20:18-24).然后在西奈山主发现自己在一个theophany和政权的十诫（ exod. 19:16-20:17 ） ，不过，民众要求摩西结束上帝的盟约与他们（ exod. 20:18-24 ） 。 Moses prescribed the law of God (Torah) for Israel: its sanctuary and priesthood (Exod. 25-31; 35-40), its sacrifices and laws of purity (Leviticus), and a census of its tribes (Num. 1:1-10:10).郑慕智明上帝律法（律法）以色列：它的庇护和神职人员（ exod. 25-31 ; 35-40 ） ，其牺牲和法律的纯度（利未记） ，并进行普查，其部落（ num. 1:1 -10:10 ） 。 Moses led the people in the wilderness for forty years (Num. 10:11-36) and uttered a final exhortation to obey the Torah as the people gathered on the verge of the promised land (Deuteronomy).摩西带领全国人民在荒无人烟的戈壁滩上，为四十年（ num. 10:11-36 ） ，并说出了最后的嘱咐要服从律法作为人们聚集于1896年的应许之地（申命记） 。 Moses himself was not allowed to enter Canaan (cf. Num. 20:2-13; Deut. 1:37; 3:27; 4:21; Ps. 106:32-33) and was buried somewhere in Moab (Deut. 34).摩西本人不得进入迦南（参见序号。 20:2-13 ; deut 。 1时37分; 3时27分; 4时21分;聚苯乙烯。 106:32-33 ） ，并葬于某处单抗（申命记34 ） 。
Although Moses is mentioned remarkably infrequently elsewhere in the OT (Josh. 24:5; I Sam. 12:6, 8; Hos. 12:13; Mic. 6:4; Isa. 63:11; Pss. 77, 105-7), his preeminent status and foundational mission are assumed.虽然摩西是提到显着别处不常在催产素（ josh. 24:5 ，我萨姆。 12时06分， 8名;居者有其屋。 12时13分;麦克风。六四;伊萨。 63:11 ; PSS的77号， 105号- 7 ） ，其杰出的地位和使命的基础性假设。 No other OT figure can compare with Moses (cf. Joshua, Josh. 1:10-11; Elijah, I Kings 19; the prophets, Deut. 34:10).没有其他城市旅游局的数字，可以比较摩西（参见约书亚，乔什。 1:10 ;利亚，我国王队19个;先知， deut 。 34:10 ） 。 Indeed he is the type par excellence of OT expectation.事实上，他是该型出色的城市旅游局的期望。 He is the "servant of the Lord" (Num. 12:7-8; Deut. 34:5; Josh. 1:1).他是"仆人，耶和华" （ num. 12:7-8 ; deut 。 34:5 ;乔什。 1:1 ） 。 He alone spoke "mouth to mouth" with God; therefore, he is the first and greatest of the prophets (Exod. 33:7-23; Num. 12:6-8; Deut. 18:15-18).他仅表示"嘴口"与上帝，因此，他是第一个和最大的先知（ exod. 33:7-23 ;序号。 12:6-8 ; deut 。 18:15-18 ） 。 As lawgiver he dominates the Pentateuch, which can thus be called "the law of Moses" (I Kings 2:3; Neh. 8:1; Mal. 4:4).作为lawgiver他主宰pentateuch ，从而可以被称为"摩西的律法" （ 1国王2:3 ; neh 。 8:1 ;仲裁法。 4时04分） 。 His voice is not only authoritative for the wilderness generation, but resounds throughout Israel's history (Deut. 6:20-25; 31:16-22).他的声音不仅是权威，为旷野一代，但resounds整个以色列的历史（申命记6:20-25 ; 31:16-22 ） 。
Moses is a man zealous for the Lord (Num. 16-17); yet he is also described as "the meekest man on earth" (Num. 12:3).摩西是一名男子热心为君主（ num. 16-17 ） ，但他也被描述为" meekest男子地球" （ num. 12时03分） 。 He intercedes on Israel's behalf when it sins, risking his own election for the sake of the people (Exod. 32:32; Num. 11:10-15).他intercedes对以色列的代表时，它的罪过，冒，他自己的选情，为人民（ exod. 32:32 ;序号。 11:10-15 ） 。 He even sets up the bronze serpent as a perpetual sign of God's saving mercy (Num. 21:4-9).他甚至成立了铜蛇作为一个永恒的迹象，上帝的拯救怜悯（ num. 21:4-9 ） 。 Finally, Moses is the founder of the cultic system by which Israel was to seek reconciliation with God, and he and his brother Aaron functioned as priests before the tabernacle (Exod. 40:31-38).最后，摩西是创办人的邪教制度，使以色列，是寻求和解与上帝，他和他的弟弟亚伦运作牧师面前幕（ exod. 40:31-38 ） 。
In postbiblical Jewish tradition the role of Moses is extended to that of sage and founder of civilization.在postbiblical犹太传统中的角色，摩西是延伸，就是打贤者和创办文明的气息。 Moses is thought to have ascended directly into heaven.郑慕智，是被认为已经跻身直接进入天堂。 For the Jewish halakah Moses was giver of the oral law which authoritatively interprets the Pentateuch (cf. Jub; M. Aboth 1:1).对于犹太halakah摩西赐予的口头法律权威性的解释pentateuch （参见，锯;米aboth 1:1 ） 。
The NT assumes the role of Moses as mediator of the covenant (John 1:17; Gal. 3:19) and author of the Pentateuch (Luke 24:27).新台币承担的角色，摩西作为调停人的盟约（约翰1时17分;加尔。 3:19 ）和作者的pentateuch （路加福音24:27 ） 。 Numerous passages compare or allude to Moses and Jesus as type and antitype (eg, Mark 9:2-10; John 3:14; I Cor. 10).许多段落比较或暗示摩西和耶稣类型和antitype （例如，马克9:2-10 ;约翰3点14分，我肺心病10条） 。 Paul's typology emphasizes the inferiority of the revelation to Moses.保罗的类型学强调自卑的启示摩西。 At other times Paul likens his own apostleship to the mission of Moses (II Cor. 3:7-18; cf. Rom. 9:3).其他时候，保罗likens自己apostleship向特派团的摩西（二肺心病。 3:7-18 ;比照光盘。 9:3 ） 。 John likewise sees Jesus as the prophet like Moses (John 6:14); he also sees Moses (and Abraham) as the father of "the Jews" who reject Jesus' revelation (John 9:28).约翰同样看到耶稣为先知像摩西（约翰6时14分） ，他也看到摩西（及石礼谦）由于父亲的"犹太人" ，他们拒绝耶稣的启示（约翰9时28分） 。 For the Epistle to the Hebrews, the Mosaic covenant is merely a shadow of the true reality, but Moses himself is a model of faith (Heb. 3:1-6; 11:24-28).为希伯来人书中说，花叶盟约仅仅是一个影子的真正现实，但摩西本人是一个典范的信仰（希伯来书3:1-6 ; 11:24-28 ） 。
SF
Noll证券及期货精灵
(Elwell Evangelical Dictionary)
（ Elwell宣布了福音字典）
Bibliography
参考书目
WF Albright, From
the Stone Age to Christianity; EJ, VII, 371-411; R. deVaux, The Early History of
Israel; DM Beegle, Moses, The Servant of Yahweh; JG Griffiths, "The Egyptian
Derivation of the Name Moses," JNES 12:225-31. WF号奥尔布赖特，从石器时代到基督教;对EJ ，七，
371-411 ;传译devaux ，早期历史的以色列;马克beegle ，摩西，仆人的雅威; jg雪" ，埃及的推导名称摩西， " jnes
12:225-31 。
Moses, drawn (or Egypt. mesu, "son;" hence Rameses, royal son).摩西，制定（或埃及。 mesu ， "儿子" ，因此，拉美西斯，皇家儿子） 。 On the invitation of Pharaoh (Gen. 45:17-25), Jacob and his sons went down into Egypt.关于邀请老王（创45:17-25 ） ，雅各布和他的儿子，走下埃及。 This immigration took place probably about 350 years before the birth of Moses.这出入境发生的，大概约350年前诞生的摩西。 Some centuries before Joseph, Egypt had been conquered by a pastoral Semitic race from Asia, the Hyksos, who brought into cruel subjection the native Egyptians, who were an African race.一些几百年前，约瑟夫，埃及已征服牧灵犹太人的种族来自亚洲，希克索斯人带进残忍隶属本土埃及人，他们是一个非洲种族。 Jacob and his retinue were accustomed to a shepherd's life, and on their arrival in Egypt were received with favour by the king, who assigned them the "best of the land", the land of Goshen, to dwell in. The Hyksos or "shepherd" king who thus showed favour to Joseph and his family was in all probability the Pharaoh Apopi (or Apopis).雅各布和他的随行人员习惯牧羊人的生活，对他们的到来，在埃及共收到与赞成由国王，谁指派他们"最好的土地" ，土地的goshen ，不再赘述英寸的希克索斯或"牧羊人"国王的人，因而赞成以约瑟夫和他的家人是在所有的概率老王apopi （或apopis ） 。 Thus favoured, the Israelites began to "multiply exceedingly" (Gen. 47:27), and extended to the west and south.因此主张，以色列人开始"乘通天" （创47:27 ） ，并扩展到西部和南部。 At length the supremacy of the Hyksos came to an end.在长度至高无上的希克索斯落下帷幕。
The descendants of Jacob were allowed to retain their possession of Goshen undisturbed, but after the death of Joseph their position was not so favourable.华夏子孙，雅各布被允许保留他们的藏goshen原状，但去世后，约瑟夫他们的立场是不那么有利。 The Egyptians began to despise them, and the period of their "affliction" (Gen. 15:13) commenced.埃及人开始蔑视他们，期间他们的"通病" （创15时13分）开始。 They were sorely oppressed.他们非常受压迫。 They continued, however, to increase in numbers, and "the land was filled with them" (Ex. 1:7).他们继续进行，不过，为了增加号码，以及"土地充满了他们" （如1点07分） 。 The native Egyptians regarded them with suspicion, so that they felt all the hardship of a struggle for existence.本土埃及人视他们怀疑态度，让他们感到所有的艰苦挣扎，为生存。 In process of time "a king [probably Seti I.] arose who knew not Joseph" (Ex. 1:8).在过程中的时间， "国王[大概以前从未见过一]出现的人不知道约瑟夫" （如1:8 ） 。 The circumstances of the country were such that this king thought it necessary to weaken his Israelite subjects by oppressing them, and by degrees reducing their number.这种情况下，该国的结果，显示这国王认为有必要削弱他israelite科目压迫他们，由度减少其数量。
They were accordingly made public slaves, and were employed in connection with his numerous buildings, especially in the erection of store-cities, temples, and palaces.他们分别作出了相应的公共奴隶，并从事与他的许多建筑物，尤其是在架设存储城市，寺庙和宫殿。 The children of Israel were made to serve with rigour.孩子们的以色列作出服务与严格。 Their lives were made bitter with hard bondage, and "all their service, wherein they made them serve, was with rigour" (Ex. 1:13, 14).他们的生活作了痛苦与硬质役， "所有他们的服务，那是他们，使他们的服务，是与严密性" （例如： 1:13 ， 14 ） 。 But this cruel oppression had not the result expected of reducing their number.但这种残酷的压迫，没有结果预计的减少其数量。 On the contrary, "the more the Egyptians afflicted them, the more they multiplied and grew" (Ex. 1:12).反过来说， "多一个埃及人折磨他们，他们越是成倍增长" （如1:12 ） 。 The king next tried, through a compact secretly made with the guild of midwives, to bring about the destruction of all the Hebrew male children that be born.国王在明年受审，是通过一个紧凑暗中与会馆的助产士，以实现销毁所有希伯来男孩是这样诞生了。 But the king's wish was not rigorously enforced; the male children were spared by the midwives, so that "the people multiplied" more than ever.但国王的愿望并没有严格执行;男性儿童也未能幸免。助产士，使"人民成倍增加， "比以往任何时候更。 Thus baffled, the king issued a public proclamation calling on the people to put to death all the Hebrew male children by casting them into the river (Ex. 1:22).因而感到莫名其妙，国王发表了公开文告呼吁人们要置于死亡的所有希伯来男孩所铸造他们到河（如1:22 ） 。
But neither by this edict was the king's purpose effected.但两者都不是由这一法令是国王的目的实施。 One of the Hebrew households into which this cruel edict of the king brought great alarm was that of Amram, of the family of the Kohathites (Ex. 6:16-20), who with his wife Jochebed and two children, Miriam, a girl of perhaps fifteen years of age, and Aaron, a boy of three years, resided in or near Memphis, the capital city of that time.其中的希伯来语户纳入其中，这残酷的法令，国王带来了很大的恐慌，是对阿姆拉姆，该家庭的kohathites （如6:16-20 ） ，他与他的妻子jochebed和两个孩子，刘健仪，一名女童也许十五年的年龄，和亚伦，一个男孩的三年，居住在或接近孟菲斯，首都那些日子里。 In this quiet home a male child was born (BC 1571).在这宁静的家男性孩子出生（公元前1571 ） 。 His mother concealed him in the house for three months from the knowledge of the civic authorities.他的母亲隐瞒了他在众议院为3个月，从知识的公民。 But when the task of concealment became difficult, Jochebed contrived to bring her child under the notice of the daughter of the king by constructing for him an ark of bulrushes, which she laid among the flags which grew on the edge of the river at the spot where the princess was wont to come down and bathe.但是，当任务的隐蔽性，成为困难的， jochebed contrived把她的孩子根据通知的女儿国王兴建为他的一个约柜bulrushes ，这是她奠定当中国旗的前身是对边缘的河流在现场当公主won't的来来洗澡。 Her plan was successful.她的计划是成功的。 The king's daughter "saw the child; and behold the child wept."国王的女儿" ，看到孩子;你看孩子哭" 。 The princess (Pharaoh's daughter) sent Miriam, who was standing by, to fetch a nurse.公主（法老王的女儿）发送刘健仪，他们是站在所，以市值一名护士。 She went and brought the mother of the child, to whom the princess said, "Take this child away, and nurse it for me, and I will give thee thy wages."她去了孩子的母亲，向谁诗琳通公主说， "采取这个孩子远离，和护士等，它为我，我会给你你的工资" 。
Thus Jochebed's child, whom the princess called "Moses", ie, "Saved from the water" (Ex. 2:10), was ultimately restored to her.因此jochebed的儿童，其中公主所谓的"摩西" ，即是"拯救从水" （如： 2时10分） ，最终恢复到她。 As soon as the natural time for weaning the child had come, he was transferred from the humble abode of his father to the royal palace, where he was brought up as the adopted son of the princess, his mother probably accompanying him and caring still for him.当自然的时候断奶的孩子前来，他被调到从卑微居留权，他的父亲前往王宫，在那里他被带起来，作为养子的公主，他的母亲可能是随行的关怀仍然为他。 He grew up amid all the grandeur and excitement of the Egyptian court, maintaining, however, probably a constant fellowship with his mother, which was of the highest importance as to his religious belief and his interest in his "brethren."他成长中的一切庄严，兴奋的埃及法院，维护好，不过，可能是一个常数团契与他的母亲，因为这是最重要的，因为他的宗教信仰和他的兴趣，他的"兄弟" 。 His education would doubtless be carefully attended to, and he would enjoy all the advantages of training both as to his body and his mind.他的教育，无疑会仔细照顾，他将享有全部的优点，训练都以他的身体和他的心。 He at length became "learned in all the wisdom of the Egyptians" (Acts 7:22).他在长成了"据悉，在所有的智慧，埃及人" （使徒7时22分） 。 Egypt had then two chief seats of learning, or universities, at one of which, probably that of Heliopolis, his education was completed.埃及当时两名总议席的学习，或者大学，在其中一项，大概说的赫利奥波利斯，他的学业完成。 Moses, being now about twenty years of age, spent over twenty more before he came into prominence in Bible history.摩西，现在约二十多岁，花了二十多前，他来到突出，在圣经历史。
These twenty years were probably spent in military service.这二十年，大概花费在军队服役。 There is a tradition recorded by Josephus that he took a lead in the war which was then waged between Egypt and Ethiopia, in which he gained renown as a skilful general, and became "mighty in deeds" (Acts 7:22).有一种传统的记录，由约瑟夫说，他接受了美国带头在战争中，当时掀起了埃及和埃塞俄比亚，他在其中所取得的名声作为一个干练的欢迎，并成为"威武，在行动上" （使徒7时22分） 。 After the termination of the war in Ethiopia, Moses returned to the Egyptian court, where he might reasonably have expected to be loaded with honours and enriched with wealth.中止后，战争在埃塞俄比亚，摩西回到埃及法庭，在那里他可以合理地预期可满载荣誉和丰富的财富。 But "beneath the smooth current of his life hitherto, a life of alternate luxury at the court and comparative hardness in the camp and in the discharge of his military duties, there had lurked from childhood to youth, and from youth to manhood, a secret discontent, perhaps a secret ambition. Moses, amid all his Egyptian surroundings, had never forgotten, had never wished to forget, that he was a Hebrew."但"下方的顺利进行目前他的人生到目前为止，生活奢侈候补委员，但在法庭上和相对硬度在军营，并在履行他的军事职务，有lurked从童年到青年，从青年到成年，一个秘密不满的，也许是秘密的野心。摩西，在他的所有埃及的周围环境，从来没有忘记你，从来没有希望，别忘了，他是一个希伯来语" 。 He now resolved to make himself acquainted with the condition of his countrymen, and "went out unto his brethren, and looked upon their burdens" (Ex. 2:11).现在他决心使自己熟悉和适应的条件，他的同胞，和"走出去所不欲，他的弟兄们，并期待他们的负担" （如： 2,11 ） 。
This tour of inspection revealed to him the cruel oppression and bondage under which they everywhere groaned, and could not fail to press on him the serious consideration of his duty regarding them.这个旅行团的检查显示，他的残酷压迫和枷锁下，他们四处按倒时还建设，可以不辜负记者，就他认真考虑他的职责有关。 The time had arrived for his making common cause with them, that he might thereby help to break their yoke of bondage.时机已经到来，为他作出共同的事业结合起来，他有可能从而有助于打破自己的枷锁的束缚。 He made his choice accordingly (Heb. 11:25-27), assured that God would bless his resolution for the welfare of his people.他作出了他的选择，因此（希伯来书11:25-27 ） ，有保证，神会保佑他的决议案，其人民的福祉。 He now left the palace of the king and took up his abode, probably in his father's house, as one of the Hebrew people who had for forty years been suffering cruel wrong at the hands of the Egyptians.他现在已经离开皇宫的国王和了他的居留权问题，可能是在他父亲的家，作为其中的希伯莱人，为四十年来遭受残酷错在手中的埃及人。 He could not remain indifferent to the state of things around him, and going out one day among the people, his indignation was roused against an Egyptian who was maltreating a Hebrew.他不能无动于衷，国家的事情，在他的周围，和走出去一天当中的人，他的愤慨是激起了对埃及被虐待希伯来。 He rashly lifted up his hand and slew the Egyptian, and hid his body in the sand.他轻率地解除了他的手，并转换埃及，并藏起了他的尸体在沙里。 Next day he went out again and found two Hebrews striving together.第二天，他出去又发现两个希伯来人共同努力。 He speedily found that the deed of the previous day was known.他迅速找到该契约时，前一天被称为。
It reached the ears of Pharaoh (the "great Rameses," Rameses II.), who "sought to slay Moses" (Ex. 2:15).它达到了耳朵的法老（ "伟大的拉美西斯， "拉美西斯二） ， "寻求斩摩西" （例如： 2时15分） 。 Moved by fear, Moses fled from Egypt, and betook himself to the land of Midian, the southern part of the peninsula of Sinai, probably by much the same route as that by which, forty years afterwards, he led the Israelites to Sinai.动议的恐惧，摩西逃离埃及，并betook自己的土地位，南部部分半岛的西奈半岛，可能是由许多相同的路线，因为这其中， 40年之后，他带领以色列人西奈。 He was providentially led to find a new home with the family of Reuel, where he remained for forty years (Acts 7:30), under training unconsciously for his great life's work.他providentially主导，以找到一个新的家庭与家庭的reuel ，他在那里停留了四十年（使徒7:30 ） ，在训练，不自觉地为他的伟大的生命的工作。 Suddenly the angel of the Lord appeared to him in the burning bush (Ex. 3), and commissioned him to go down to Egypt and "bring forth the children of Israel" out of bondage.忽然有主的使者出现在他面前焚烧布什（比如3 ） ，并委托他去到埃及和"带出孩子的以色列"走出枷锁。 He was at first unwilling to go, but at length he was obedient to the heavenly vision, and left the land of Midian (4:18-26).他是在第一次不愿意去，但在他的长度是听话，向天朝的视野，并离开土地的中位（ 4:18-26 ） 。 On the way he was met by Aaron (qv) and the elders of Israel (27-31).对未来路向，他会见了由亚伦（请参阅）和长老的以色列（ 27-31 ） 。 He and Aaron had a hard task before them; but the Lord was with them (ch. 7-12), and the ransomed host went forth in triumph.他和阿伦进行了硬任务面前，但耶和华与他们（ 7-12章） ，以及赎出东道主，迎接凯旋。 (See Exodus.) After an eventful journey to and fro in the wilderness, we see them at length encamped in the plains of Moab, ready to cross over the Jordan into the Promised Land. （见出埃及记）后，一个多事之旅来回在荒无人烟的戈壁滩上，我们看到他们在长度扎营在平原地区的单抗，准备越过了约旦进入应许之地。
There Moses addressed the assembled elders (Deut. 1:1-4; 5:1-26:19; 27:11-30: 20), and gives the people his last counsels, and then rehearses the great song (Deut. 32), clothing in fitting words the deep emotions of his heart at such a time, and in review of such a marvellous history as that in which he had acted so conspicious a part.有摩西讲话组装长老（申命记1:1-4 ; 5:1-26:19 ; 27:11-30 ： 20 ） ，并给出了人，他最后一次律师，然后rehearses大宋（申命记32 ） ，服装，在装修的话深的感情，他的心在这样的时刻，回顾这样一个了不起的历史，因为这其中他敢如此conspicious一部分。 Then, after blessing the tribes (33), he ascends to "the mountain of Nebo (qv), to the top of Pisgah, that is over against Jericho" (34:1), and from thence he surveys the land.然后，在祝福部落（ 33 ） ，他升入"山nebo （请参阅） ，以最高的pisgah ，即超过对杰里科" （ 34:1 ） ，并从那里他调查土地。 "Jehovah shewed him all the land of Gilead, unto Dan, and all Naphtali, and the land of Ephraim, and Manasseh, and all the land of Judah, unto the utmost sea, and the south, and the plain of the valley of Jericho, the city of palm trees, unto Zoar" (Deut. 34:2-3), the magnificient inheritance of the tribes of whom he had been so long the leader; and there he died, being one hundred and twenty years old, according to the word of the Lord, and was buried by the Lord "in a valley in the land of Moab, over against Beth-peor" (34:6). "耶和华shewed他所有的土地的基列，凡丹，以及所有naphtali ，以及土地的艾弗冷，并manasseh ，和所有的土地的犹大，祂最大的海，南方，和质朴的山谷中的杰里科，市的棕榈树，祂zoar " （申命记34:2-3 ） ，宏伟的传承部落的人，他一直这么久的领导者，以及有他真的死了，被一百二十年岁，据以天主圣言，并被埋在耶和华"的一个山谷中，在土地的单抗，对什么- peor " （ 34:6 ） 。 The people mourned for him during thirty days.人们悼念他，在三十天。 Thus died "Moses the man of God" (Deut. 33:1; Josh. 14:6).因此死了"摩西的人神" （申命记33:1 ;乔什。 14时06分） 。
He was distinguished for his meekness and patience and firmness, and "he endured as seeing him who is invisible."他是杰出的，他完全证实，并耐心和信念上的坚定， "他忍受，因为看他的人是看不见的" 。 "There arose not a prophet since in Israel like unto Moses, whom the Lord knew face to face, in all the signs and the wonders, which the Lord sent him to do in the land of Egypt to Pharaoh, and to all his servants, and to all his land, and in all that mighty hand, and in all the great terror which Moses shewed in the sight of all Israel" (Deut. 34:10-12). "因而产生了不是先知，因为在以色列愿祂摩西，其中主知道了面对面的，在所有交通标志和奇观，其中主派他做的，在埃及的土地上，以法老王，和所有他的仆人，和他的所有土地，而在所有这威武之手，而在所有伟大的恐怖摩西shewed在视线的所有以色列" （申命记34:10-12 ） 。 The name of Moses occurs frequently in the Psalms and Prophets as the chief of the prophets.名字的摩西经常出现在诗篇和先知作为行政的先知。 In the New Testament he is referred to as the representative of the law and as a type of Christ (John 1:17; 2 Cor. 3:13-18; Heb. 3:5, 6).在新约圣经他是指为代表的法律和作为一种基督（约翰1时17分， 2肺心病。 3:13-18 ;以弗所书3时05分， 6 ） 。 Moses is the only character in the Old Testament to whom Christ likens himself (John 5:46; comp. Deut. 18:15, 18, 19; Acts 7:37).摩西是唯一的性格，在旧约圣经的人基督likens自己（约翰5点46分;可比。 deut 。 18:15 ， 18日， 19日;行为7时37分） 。 In Heb.在希伯来书。 3: 1-19 this likeness to Moses is set forth in various particulars. 3 ： 1-19这似摩西是所列各项资料。 In Jude 9 mention is made of a contention between Michael and the devil about the body of Moses.在裘德9条提到了一个争论点之间迈克尔与魔鬼有关机构的摩西。 This dispute is supposed to have had reference to the concealment of the body of Moses so as to prevent idolatry.这一争端是有参考隐瞒身体的摩西等，以防止偶像崇拜。
(Easton Illustrated Dictionary) （伊斯顿说明字典）
From: Home Bible Study Commentary by James M. Gray 来自：主页圣经研究评论詹姆斯米灰色
Notice that these attributes constitute the proclamation of His name.公告说，这些特质构成宣布他的名字。 Preachers and Christian workers will find the outline of a rich discourse here.传教士和基督教工人将找到的轮廓丰富的话语在这里。 (2) After the exordium we come to an indictment of the people (5, 6). （ 2 ）后exordium我们走到了起诉书的人（五日，六日） 。 It is predictive as indicating what they would do in the future, and yet also a historic record of what they had already done.它是预测性，因为这表明他们将采取什么行动，在未来，但也是一个历史性的纪录，他们已经做了。 These verses, especially 5, are clearer in the Revised Version.这些小诗，特别是5 ，有更清晰的，在修订后的版本。 (3) The indictment leads to a reminiscence of God's goodness to them, to deepen their repentence in that day as it shall quicken their gratitude (7-14). （ 3 ）起诉书中引出一个怀旧的上帝的善对他们来说，要加深对悔过书，在这一天，因为它会加快他们的感激（ 7-14 ） 。 With verse 8, compare Acts 17:26, 27 in the light of chapter 2:5-9 of the present book, and Genesis 10:5, and observe that God has from the beginning reserved Palestine for this people, through whom He would show forth His wonders to the other nations.与韵文8 ，比较行为， 17时26分， 27日在参照本章2:5-9的本书，及成因10时05分，并遵守上帝从一开始就预留巴勒斯坦为这个人，并通过他将显示了他的奇迹，给其他国家。 And admirably suited is the locality for the purpose.和钦佩的是适合当地作此用途。
In Ezekiel it is described as "the middle of the earth," and as from a common center the glad tidings were, and shall be, "wafted to every part of the globe."在以西结书，它被称为"中的地球" ，从一个共同的中心福音了，而应" ， wafted到全球的每一个角落" 。 Notice the figure in verses 11 and 12.公告数字，在小诗11和12 。 When the eaglets are sufficiently grown, the mother bird at first supports them on the tip of her wing, encouraging and aiding their feeble efforts to higher flight.当eaglets有足够的长大，母亲鸟起初支持他们就提示她的机翼，鼓励和帮助他们体衰，努力提高航班。 (4) This reminiscence of God's goodness is followed by another indictment, fuller than the former, and showing the aggravation of the people's sin. （ 4 ）本怀旧的上帝的善，其次是另一个起诉书中，更充分地超过前者，并显示加剧了人们的罪过。 "Jeshurun" is a poetic name for Israel. "叶舒伦" ，是一个诗意的名字为以色列。 Notice the reference to "demons" of verse 17 (RV), and observe that such beings exist and are the real objects of the worship of false religions.公告中提到"魔鬼"的诗句17 （ RV ）的，并观察到这种人存在，而且是真正的物体的崇拜假宗教。 (5) This second indictment is followed by an announcement of punishment (19-28). （ 5 ）第二次起诉后进行了公布处罚办法（ 19-28 ） 。
Note the allusion to the calling out of the Gentiles into the Church in verse 21 (third clause).注提到了呼唤的外邦人进入教会韵文21 （第三条款） 。 What are God's arrows (23)?什么是上帝的箭（ 23 ） ？ See for answer the following verse, famine, pestilence, wild beasts, the sword, fear, captivity, etc. Why would He not altogether destroy such a faithless people (26,27)?看看回答下列诗句，饥荒，瘟疫，野兽，剑，恐惧，圈养等，那他为什么会并不是完全摧毁这样一个不忠实的人（ 26,27 ） ？ (6) The announcement of punishment leads to a promise of forgiveness and restoration in the latter time (29-43). （ 6 ）公布处罚引出一个承诺的宽恕和恢复在后时间（ 29-43 ） 。 When will the Lord lift His hand from off His people (36)?何时会主解除他的手从他的人（ 36 ） ？ How shall He afflict them who afflicted Israel (41)?应如何折磨他的人，他们遭受以色列（ 41 ） ？ What shows that the day of Israel's blessing will be that of the whole earth (43)?什么显示，当天以色列的祝福，将是整个地球（ 43 ） ？ Compare Psalm 65.比较诗篇65 。
Hebrew liberator, leader, lawgiver, prophet, and historian, lived in the thirteenth and early part of the twelfth century, BC希伯来语的救星，领袖， lawgiver ，先知，和历史学家，住在第十三和早期的一部分， 12世纪，公元前
NAME姓名
Moshéh (MT), Mouses, Moses. moshéh （吨） ，鼠标，摩西。 In Ex., ii, 10, a derivation from the Hebrew Mashah (to draw) is implied.在特惠。第一，二，十，一导，从希伯莱mashah （提请） ，是不言而喻的。 Josephus and the Fathers assign the Coptic mo (water) and uses (saved) as the constituent parts of the name.约瑟夫和父亲指派科普特谟（水） ，并利用（救） ，作为组成部分的真实姓名。 Nowadays the view of Lepsius, tracing the name back to the Egyptian mesh (child), is widely patronized by Egyptologists, but nothing decisive can be established.如今，鉴于lepsius ，追查名义回到埃及主题词（儿童） ，是广为光顾的埃及，但没有决定性的，可以建立起来。
SOURCES来源
To deny or to doubt the historic personality of Moses, is to undermine and render unintelligible the subsequent history of the Israelites.否定或怀疑的历史个性的摩西，是破坏，并提供不知所云随后的历史以色列人。 Rabbinical literature teems with legends touching every event of his marvellous career: taken singly, these popular tales are purely imaginative, yet, considered in their cumulative force, they vouch for the reality of a grand and illustrious personage, of strong character, high purpose, and noble achievement, so deep, true, and efficient in his religious convictions as to thrill and subdue the minds of an entire race for centuries after his death.犹太教文学汇聚到传说触摸每一个事件，他绝妙的职业生涯：个儿，这些受欢迎的故事，纯粹是富有想象力的，但考虑到其累积的力量，他们保证的现实，盛大和显赫的人物，强烈的个性，高的目的，和崇高的成就，如此之深，与事实不符，有效率在他的宗教信念，以刺激制服的头脑整整一个种族数百年后，其死因。 The Bible furnishes the chief authentic account of this luminous life.圣经提供了行政正宗交代这夜光生活。
BIRTH TO VOCATION (EXODUS 2:1-22)产下的天职（出埃及记2:1-22 ）
Of Levitic extraction, and born at a time when by kingly edict had been decreed the drowning of every new male offspring among the Israelites, the "goodly child" Moses, after three months' concealment, was exposed in a basket on the banks of the Nile.对levitic提取，并在出生的时候，由王道法令已经颁布了溺水的每一个新的雄性后代之间的以色列人， "善儿童"摩西，经过3个月的隐蔽性，暴露在一篮子对银行的尼罗河。 An elder brother (Exodus 7:7) and sister (Exodus 2:4), Aaron and Mary (AV and RV, Miriam), had already graced the union of Jochabed and Amram.一个哥哥（出埃及记7时07分）和妹妹（出埃及记2:4 ） ，亚伦和玛丽（房室及RV ，刘健仪） ，已增光联盟jochabed和阿姆拉姆。 The second of these kept watch by the river, and was instrumental in inducing Pharaoh's daughter, who rescued the child, to entrust him to a Hebrew nurse.第二，这些监视，由河道，并在诱导法老王的女儿，他们救出了孩子，委托他带到一个希伯来语护士。 The one she designedly summoned for the charge was Jochabed, who, when her "son had grown up", delivered him to the princess.一个她designedly拘传收费是jochabed ，世卫组织，当她的"儿子长大了" ，发表了他的公主。 In his new surroundings, he was schooled "in all the wisdom of the Egyptians" (Acts 7:22).他在新的环境中，他学习过， "在所有的智慧，埃及人" （使徒7时22分） 。 Moses next appears in the bloom of sturdy manhood, resolute with sympathies for his degraded brethren.摩西在明年出现在开花坚固的气概，坚决与同情他的退化谣言。 Dauntlessly he hews down an Egyptian assailing one of them, and on the morrow tries to appease the wrath of two compatriots who were quarrelling.百折不挠地他人道预警击落了埃及，调戏，其中一人，并于明天试图安抚愤怒的两名同胞的人吵架。 He is misunderstood, however, and, when upbraided with the murder of the previous day, he fears his life is in jeopardy.他是误解了，不过，当upbraided与该宗谋杀案的前一天，他担心他的生命处于危险之中。 Pharaoh has heard the news and seeks to kill him.老王已经听到消息并试图杀死他。 Moses flees to Madian.摩西逃到马甸。 An act of rustic gallantry there secures for him a home with Raguel, the priest.行为质朴英勇有保证，为他家拉古尔，神父。 Sephora, one of Raguel's seven daughters, eventually becomes his wife and Gersam his first-born.赛福拉之一拉古尔的七个女儿，最终成为他的妻子和gersam他首次诞生了。 His second son, Eliezer, is named in commemoration of his successful flight from Pharaoh.他的第二个儿子，埃利泽是命名为纪念他的成功飞行，从法老王。
VOCATION AND MISSION (EXODUS 2:23-12:33)天职和使命（出埃及记2:23-12:33 ）
After forty years of shepherd life, Moses speaks with God.经过四十年的牧羊生活中，摩西语神。 To Horeb (Jebel Sherbal?) in the heart of the mountainous Sinaitic peninsula, he drives the flocks of Raguel for the last time.以何烈（山sherbal ？ ） ，在心脏的山区西乃半岛半岛，他驱动成群的拉古尔为最后一次。 A bush there flaming unburned attracts him, but a miraculous voice forbids his approach and declares the ground so holy that to approach he must remove his shoes.布什有未燃，火焰熊熊吸引了他的意思，但神奇的声音，不准他的做法，并宣布在地上，让圣表示，以他的做法必须取消他的鞋。 The God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob designates him to deliver the Hebrews from the Egyptian yoke, and to conduct them into the "land of milk and honey", the region long since promised to the seed of Abraham, the Palestine of later years.亚伯拉罕的神，以撒，雅各，并指定他向希伯来人从埃及枷锁，使自己的行为变成了"土地的牛奶和蜂蜜" ，该地区早已答应种子亚伯拉罕，巴勒斯坦的晚年。 Next, God reveals to him His name under a special form Yahweh as a "memorial unto all generations".其次，揭示了上帝对他自己的名字下的一种特殊形式雅威作为"纪念祂所有后代" 。 He performs two miracles to convince his timorous listener, appoints Aaron as Moses's "prophet", and Moses, so to speak, as Aaron's God (Exodus 4:16).他演奏的两个奇迹，以说服他timorous听众，任命亚伦作为摩西的"先知" ，以及摩西，可以这么说，正如阿伦的神（出埃及记4点16分） 。 Diffidence at once gives way to faith and magnanimity. diffidence一次让步，以真诚和大度的。 Moses bids adieu to Jethro (Raguel), and, with his family, starts for Egypt.摩西出价adieu ，以jethro （拉古尔） ，并与他的家人，开始对埃及。 He carries in his hand the "rod of God", a symbol of the fearlessness with which he is to act in performing signs and wonders in the presence of a hardened, threatening monarch.他履行他手上， "棒神" ，这是一个象征的无畏，使他是以实际行动履行标志和奇迹，在出席会议的一位硬化，威胁着君主。 His confidence waxes strong, but he is uncircumcised, and God meets him on the way and fain would kill him.他的信心打蜡强劲，但他未割包皮的，与神的会见，他对未来路向和fain将他杀死。 Sephora saves her "bloody spouse", and appeases God by circumcising a son.赛福拉节省了她的"血腥配偶" ，并安抚上帝circumcising一个儿子。 Aaron joins the party at Horeb.亚伦加入党在何烈。 The first interview of the brothers with their compatriots is most encouraging, but not so with the despotic sovereign.第一次采访的两位兄弟与他们的同胞，是最令人鼓舞的，但并非如此，与专制宗主国。 Asked to allow the Hebrews three days' respite for sacrifices in the wilderness, the angry monarch not only refuses, but he ridicules their God, and then effectually embitters the Hebrews' minds against their new chiefs as well as against himself, by denying them the necessary straw for exorbitant daily exactions in brick making.请允许希伯来3天的喘息时间，为牺牲在荒无人烟的戈壁滩上，愤怒的君主不仅拒绝，但他嘲弄，他们的神，然后有效embitters希伯来人的头脑对他们的新酋长以及对自己，不让他们必要秸秆为高昂的日常敲诈勒索在制砖。 A rupture is about to ensue with the two strange brothers, when, in a vision, Moses is divinely constituted "Pharaoh's God", and is commanded to use his newly imparted powers.破裂即将接踵而至与两个陌生的兄弟，当时，在一个远景，摩西是神构成了"法老的神" ，并指挥的，用他传授了新的权力。 He has now attained his eightieth year.他已经达到了他的八十岁。 The episode of Aaron's rod is a prelude to the plagues.这个插曲的亚伦的棒，是一个前奏了瘟疫。 Either personally or through Aaron, sometimes after warning Pharaoh or again quite suddenly, Moses causes a series of Divine manifestations described as ten in number in which he humiliates the sun and river gods, afflicts man and beast, and displays such unwonted control over the earth and heavens that even the magicians are forced to recognize in his prodigies "the finger of God".亲自或通过亚伦，有时警告后，老王还是再次相当突然，摩西造成了一系列的神圣表现形容为十多项，其中他侮辱太阳河神，折磨人与野兽，并显示这种unwonted控制地球和老天爷连魔术被迫承认他在prodigies "手指的神" 。 Pharaoh softens at times but never sufficiently to meet the demands of Moses without restrictions.老王软化，在次，但从来没有充分满足摩西也不受任何限制。 He treasures too highly the Hebrew labour for his public works.他的宝藏太高度希伯来语劳动，为他的公共工程。 A crisis arrives with the last plague.危机来临，与去年鼠疫。 The Hebrews, forewarned by Moses, celebrate the first Pasch or Phase with their loins girt, their shoes on their feet, and staves in their hands, ready for rapid escape.希伯来人，预先告知，由摩西，为庆祝第一pasch或相，其loins girt ，他们的鞋上脚，并壁在他们手中，随时可以快速逃生。 Then God carries out his dreadful threat to pass through the land and kill every first-born of man and beast, thereby executing judgment on all the gods of Egypt.然后上帝又进行了他的可怕的威胁，通过土地和杀死每头胎生的人兽，从而执行判决对所有神明的埃及。 Pharaoh can resist no longer.老王都无法抗拒不再。 He joins the stricken populace in begging the Hebrews to depart.他加入受灾民众在乞求希伯来人离开。
EXODUS AND THE FORTY YEARS (EXODUS 12:34 AND AFTER)外逃和四十年（出埃及记12:34以后）
At the head of 600,000 men, besides women and children, and heavily laden with the spoils of the Egyptians, Moses follows a way through the desert, indicated by an advancing pillar of alternating cloud and fire, and gains the peninsula of Sinai by crossing the Red Sea.在头部的600000人，除了妇女和儿童，以及大量满载着战利品的埃及人，摩西如下的方式，透过大漠表示，由一个前进的支柱交替云与火，并取得了半岛的西奈愿景红海。 A dry passage, miraculously opened by him for this purpose at a point today unknown, afterwards proves a fatal trap for a body of Egyptian pursuers, organized by Pharaoh and possibly under his leadership.干燥通道，奇迹般地打开他为此在今天不明，事后证明，一个致命的陷阱，为一个机构，埃及追求，所举办的法老，并可能在他的领导下。 The event furnishes the theme of the thrilling canticle of Moses.这项活动提供了该主题的惊险canticle的摩西。 For upwards of two months the long procession, much retarded by the flocks, the herds, and the difficulties inseparable from desert travel, wends its way towards Sinai.达二个月长期游行时，许多智障，由成群，牲畜，而且困难比较大，离不开沙漠旅行， wends正在大步走向西奈。 To move directly on Chanaan would be too hazardous because of the warlike Philistines, whose territory would have to be crossed; whereas, on the south-east, the less formidable Amalacites are the only inimical tribes and are easily overcome thanks to the intercession of Moses.提出直接chanaan会过于危险的，因为这个好战philistines ，其境内的，都必须跨过，而对东南方，越厉害amalacites是唯一不利于部落，并很容易克服由于干涉的摩西。 For the line of march and topographical identifications along the route, see ISRAELITES, subsection The Exodus and the Wanderings.为线的3月和地理标识沿途看到以色列人，款外逃和wanderings 。 The miraculous water obtained from the rock Horeb, and the supply of the quails and manna, bespeak the marvellous faith of the great leader.神奇的水从岩石何烈，以及供应的鹌鹑和甘露， bespeak辉煌的信念，伟大的领袖。 The meeting with Jethro ends in an alliance with Madian, and the appointment of a corps of judges subordinate to Moses, to attend to minor decisions.会见jethro结束结盟马甸，并任命一名干练的法官服从于摩西，参加一些轻微的决定。 At Sinai the Ten Commandments are promulgated, Moses is made mediator between God and the people, and, during two periods of forty days each, he remains in concealment on the mount, receiving from God the multifarious enactments, by the observance of which Israel is to be moulded into a theocratic nation (cf. MOSAIC LEGISLATION).在西奈十诫出台，摩西是人之间的调停人神和人民给的，在两期四十天每次，他仍然处于隐蔽于山，接收来自上帝五花八门成文法中，遵守以色列正被塑造成一个神权国家（参见花叶立法） 。 On his first descent, he exhibits an all-consuming zeal for the purity of Divine worship, by causing to perish those who had indulged in the idolatrous orgies about the Golden Calf; on his second, he inspires the deepest awe because his face is emblazoned with luminous horns.在他的首后裔，他的展品全方位的消费热情，为纯洁神圣的礼拜场所，造成的灭亡那些沉迷在idolatrous狂欢约金犊;对他的第二次，他能启发最深的敬畏，因为他所面对的字样与夜光牛角。 After instituting the priesthood and erecting the Tabernacle, Moses orders a census which shows an army of 603,550 fighting men.之后神职人员和架设帐幕，摩西命令人口普查表明，军队的战斗力603550男人。 These with the Levites, women, and children, duly celebrate the first anniversary of the Pasch, and, carrying the Ark of the Covenant, shortly enter on the second stage of their migration.这些同利，妇女和儿童，妥为庆祝成立一周年的pasch ，并进行了方舟的盟约，不久就进入第二阶段，其迁移。 They are accompanied by Hobab, Jethro's son, who acts as a guide.他们是伴随着hobab ， jethro的儿子，作为一个指南。 Two instances of general discontent follow, of which the first is punished by fire, which ceases as Moses prays, and the second by plague.两个事例普遍感到不满跟进，其中第一项是受到火灾，不再作为摩西的祈祷，并举行第二次是由鼠疫。 When the manna is complained of, quails are provided as in the previous year.当甘露，是抱怨，鹌鹑提供一如往年。 Seventy elders -- a conjectural origin of the Sanhedrin -- are then appointed to assist Moses.七十的长者-臆测的起源公会-然后委任，以协助摩西。 Next Aaron and Mary envy their brother, but God vindicates him and afflicts Mary temporarily with leprosy.明年亚伦和玛丽羡慕自己的弟弟，但上帝大使夫人他和折磨玛丽暂时与麻风病。 From the desert of Pharan Moses sends spies into Chanaan, who, with the exceptions of Joshue and Caleb, bring back startling reports which throw the people into consternation and rebellion.从沙漠中的pharan摩西派间谍到chanaan ，世卫组织，与例外的joshue和历说，带回了惊人的报告，把人们惊愕和叛乱。 The great leader prays and God intervenes, but only to condemn the present generation to die in the wilderness.伟大领袖祈祷与神的介入，但仅限于谴责这一代死在荒野。 The subsequent uprising of Core, Dathan, Abiron, and their adherents suggests that, during the thirty-eight years spent in the Badiet et-Tih., habitual discontent, so characteristic of nomads, continued.随后起义的核心， dathan ， abiron ，以及他们的追随者表明，在38年用在badiet内皮素郑逸，习惯性的不满，所以特征的游牧民族，继续进行。 It is during this period that tradition places the composition of a large part of the Pentateuch.它是在这一时期，传统的地方，组成一个大的部分的pentateuch 。 Towards its close, Moses is doomed never to enter the Promised Land, presumably because of a momentary lack of trust in God at the Water of Contradiction.实现其关闭，摩西，是注定没有进入应许之地，也许因为一时缺乏信任，在上帝在水上的矛盾。 When the old generation, including Mary, the prophet's sister, is no more, Moses inaugurates the onward march around Edom and Moab to the Arnon.当老一代人，包括玛丽，先知的妹妹，自然也不多，摩西开辟前进的周围益登和单抗向arnon 。 After the death of Aaron and the victory over Arad, "fiery serpents" appear in the camp, a chastisement for renewed murmurings.去世后，阿伦和战胜阿拉德， "火气serpents "出现在营地，责罚重新murmurings 。 Moses sets up the brazen serpent, "which when they that were bitten looked upon, they were healed".摩西成立了赤裸裸的蛇" ，当他们被咬伤看，他们被治愈" 。 The victories over Sehon and Og, and the feeling of security animating the army even in the territory of the hostile Balac, led to presumptuous and scandalous intercourse with the idolatrous Moabites which results, at Moses's command, in the slaughter of 24,000 offenders.胜利超过sehon和澳门特别行政区公报和安全感生动活泼的军队，甚至在本国境内的敌对balac ，导致冒昧的和令人反感性交与idolatrous亚比特人，其中成绩，在摩西的指挥，在屠宰24000罪犯。 The census, however, shows that the army still numbers 601,730, excluding 23,000 Levites.普查工作中，但是，显示了军队仍然号码601730 ，不包括23000利维特斯。 Of these Moses allows the Reubenites, Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasses to settle in the east-Jordan district, without, however, releasing them from service in the west-Jordan conquest.这些摩西允许reubenites ， gadites ，与半部落manasses定居在东部与约旦的地区，但不释放他们，从服务，在西-约旦征服。
DEATH AND POSTHUMOUS GLORY死亡和追授光荣
As a worthy legacy to the people for whom he has endured unparalleled hardships, Moses in his last days pronounces the three memorable discourses preserved in Deuteronomy.作为一个值得遗留给我们的那些人，他经历了空前的困境，摩西在他最后的日子判决三个令人难忘的话语保存在申命记。 his chief utterance relates to a future Prophet, like to himself, whom the people are to receive.他的主要话语是关乎未来先知一样，对自己，争创人民接受。 He then bursts forth into a sublime song of praise to Jahweh and adds prophetic blessings for each of the twelve tribes.然后，他连发了成为一个高尚的歌，赞扬jahweh ，并增加了先知性的祝福，为每十二个部落。 From Mount Nebo -- on "the top of Phasga" -- Moses views for the last time the Promised Land, and then dies at the age of 120 years.由Mount nebo -论" ，高层的p hasga" -摩西意见，以供最后一次应许之地，然后去世，当时年仅12 0年。 He is buried "in the valley of Moab over against Phogor", but no man "knows his sepulchre".他是埋葬" ，在山谷的单抗超过对phogor " ，但没有人"知道他的坟墓" 。 His memory has ever been one of "isolated grandeur".他的记忆都被一种"孤立的轰轰烈烈" 。 He is the type of Hebrew holiness, so far outshining other models that twelve centuries after his death, the Christ Whom he foreshadowed seemed eclipsed by him in the minds of the learned.他是类型的希伯来语圣德，至目前为止一枝独秀其他型号的12世纪之后，他的死，基督的人，他似乎预示黯然失色，他在人的头脑中的经验教训。 It was, humanly speaking, an indispensable providence that represented him in the Transfiguration, side by side with Elias, and quite inferior to the incomparable Antitype whose coming he had predicted.这是，在人力上讲是一个不可缺少的普罗维登斯代表说，他在变形，并排与爱丽丝，不少劣势，以无比antitype的未来，他曾预测。
Publication information Written by Thomas A K. Reilly.出版信息撰稿托马斯k.赖利。 Transcribed by Sean Hyland.转录由Sean海仑。 The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume X. Published 1911.天主教百科全书，体积十， 1911年出版。 New York: Robert Appleton Company.纽约：罗伯特Appleton还公司。 Nihil Obstat, October 1, 1911. nihil obstat ， 1911年10月1日。 Remy Lafort, STD, Censor.人头马lafort ，性病，检查员。 Imprimatur. imprimatur 。 +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York +约翰farley枢机主教，大主教纽约
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