Ash Wednesday, in Christian churches, is the first day of the penitential season of Lent, so called from the ceremony of placing ashes on the forehead as a sign of penitence.灰周三，在基督教教堂，是在第一天的penitential赛季的封斋期，所谓从仪式的骨灰放置于前额，以示忏悔。 This custom, probably introduced by Pope Gregory I, has been universal since the Synod of Benevento (1091).这一习俗，大概介绍了由罗马教皇格雷戈里，我一直以来普遍主教的benevento （ 1091 ） 。 In the Roman Catholic church, ashes obtained from burned palm branches of the previous Palm Sunday are blessed before mass on Ash Wednesday.在罗马天主教会，骨灰所得烧毁棕榈枝的前掌周日都祝福弥撒之前就灰周三。 The priest places the blessed ashes on the foreheads of the officiating priests, the clergy, and the congregation, while reciting over each one the following formula: "Remember that you are dust, and unto dust you shall return."神父地方有福了骨灰就foreheads的主神父，神职人员，并会众，而背诵过每一个公式如下： "记住，你是灰尘，尘埃所不欲，你还会再来" 。
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Traditionally the day for the beginning of Lent, Ash Wednesday gets its name from the custom observed in some churches of dabbing ashes on the head as a sign of penitence.传统上的一天的开始封斋期，灰分周三得名于习俗在某些教会的dabbing骨灰在头上，以示忏悔。 This was originally a part of the discipline of public penitence and came to be used generally from the tenth century for all who attended this service: one explanatory formula read (from Gen. 3:19), "Remember, O man, that you are dust, and unto dust shall you return."这本来是一个部分的纪律的公共忏悔，并开始被用作一般是从十世纪，为所有的人参加了这项服务：一是解释性公式改为： （从将军3:19 ） ， "记住，澳男子，你是飞扬的尘土，以及所不欲，粉尘应你的回报" 。
When Lent was regarded as the church's opportunity to enter into the Lord's discipline of forty days in the wilderness as preparation for ministry, it was recognized that the six weeks following the six Sundays of Lent allowed only for thirty-six days of fasting (Sunday always being a festival of the resurrection).借出时，被视为教会的机会，进入主的纪律四十天在荒无人烟的戈壁滩上，作为筹备财政部，人们认识到六个星期之后，六，周日封斋期只允许为36天禁食（周日总是作为艺术节的复活） 。 So four preliminary days of fasting were added, and thus the season began (at Rome in the middle of the fifth century) on the Wednesday preceding the first Sunday in Lent.所以四项初步天禁食者补充，因此，本赛季开始（在罗马，在中东的第五世纪）就周三前款第一次周日在贷出。
By tradition preparations were made for the fasting season by using up scraps of fat, etc., on the previous day, which was known as Shrove Tuesday, and this gave rise to the custom of eating pancakes that day.传统上作了准备，为空腹季节用了细碎的脂肪等，就在前一天，它被称为shrove周二，并由此引发了习惯吃煎饼那一天。
DH
Wheaton卫生署威敦
(Elwell Evangelical Dictionary)
（ Elwell宣布了福音字典）
Bibliography
参考书目
AA McArthur, The
Evolution of the Christian Year.机管局麦克阿瑟的演变基督教一年。
The Wednesday after Quinquagesima Sunday, which is the first day of the Lenten fast.在周三之后quinquagesima周日，这是第一天的四旬期快。
The name dies cinerum (day of ashes) which it bears in the Roman Missal is found in the earliest existing copies of the Gregorian Sacramentary and probably dates from at least the eighth century.名称去世cinerum （一天的骨灰） ，其中熊在罗马missal是发现最早的现有副本阳历sacramentary和日期大概至少从8世纪。 On this day all the faithful according to ancient custom are exhorted to approach the altar before the beginning of Mass, and there the priest, dipping his thumb into ashes previously blessed, marks the forehead -- or in case of clerics upon the place of the tonsure -- of each the sign of the cross, saying the words: "Remember man that thou art dust and unto dust thou shalt return."就在这一天，所有信徒们按照古老风俗，是告诫对待的祭坛前开始大规模，并有神父，蘸上他的拇指成灰烬以前有福了，这标志着前额-或在案件教士后，以取代现时剃度-每个标志的十字架上，说的话： "记住，人对尘土和信靠灰尘你的回报" 。 The ashes used in this ceremony are made by burning the remains of the palms blessed on the Palm Sunday of the previous year.骨灰用这个典礼，是由燃烧的遗骸手掌有福了对Palm周日的前一年。 In the blessing of the ashes four prayers are used, all of them ancient.在祝福的骨灰四个祈祷用的，它们都古。 The ashes are sprinkled with holy water and fumigated with incense.该骨灰洒圣水和熏蒸香。 The celebrant himself, be he bishop or cardinal, receives, either standing or seated, the ashes from some other priest, usually the highest in dignity of those present.该监礼人自己来说，如果他的主教或枢机，接受，要么站立或坐下，骨灰从其他一些牧师，通常是最高的尊严，那些本。 In earlier ages a penitential procession often followed the rite of the distribution of the ashes, but this is not now prescribed.在早些时候不同年龄penitential游行之后，往往是礼乐的分布骨灰，但也不是现在明。
There can be no doubt that the custom of distributing the ashes to all the faithful arose from a devotional imitation of the practice observed in the case of public penitents.因此，可以毫无疑问的习俗分发骨灰所有信徒出现，从灵修仿制的实践观察，在公共penitents 。 But this devotional usage, the reception of a sacramental which is full of the symbolism of penance (cf. the cor contritum quasi cinis of the "Dies Irae") is of earlier date than was formerly supposed.但这个灵修的使用，接待一个圣事是充满象征意义的忏悔（参照肺心病contritum准cinis的"模具irae " ）的日期较早，比以前是假定。 It is mentioned as of general observance for both clerics and faithful in the Synod of Beneventum, 1091 (Mansi, XX, 739), but nearly a hundred years earlier than this the Anglo-Saxon homilist Ælfric assumes that it applies to all classes of men.这是提到的普遍遵守，为神职人员和教友们一起走过的内温图， 1091 （曼西， XX条， 739 ） ，但近百年前，这盎格鲁-撒克逊homilist ælfric假定它适用于所有类别的男人。 "We read", he says, "我们看过" ，他说，
in the books both in the Old Law and in the New that the men who repented of their sins bestrewed themselves with ashes and clothed their bodies with sackcloth.在图书无论是在旧法，并在新说，男人的忏悔自己的罪过bestrewed自己的骨灰温饱，他们的尸体与sackcloth 。 Now let us do this little at the beginning of our Lent that we strew ashes upon our heads to signify that we ought to repent of our sins during the Lenten fast.现在让我们这样做不大，在我们开始借给我们strew骨灰后，在我们头上，以显示我们应该忏悔我们的罪过，在四旬期快。
And then he enforces this recommendation by the terrible example of a man who refused to go to church for the ashes on Ash Wednesday and who a few days after was accidentally killed in a boar hunt (Ælfric, Lives of Saints, ed. Skeat, I, 262-266).然后他执行这项建议是由可怕的例子，一名男子拒绝到教堂为灰烬就灰周三和谁几天后，被意外杀害在公猪亨特（ ælfric ，生命的圣人，教育署。斯基特，我， 262-266 ） 。 It is possible that the notion of penance which was suggested by the rite of Ash Wednesday was was reinforced by the figurative exclusion from the sacred mysteries symbolized by the hanging of the Lenten veil before the sanctuary.它可能是观念的忏悔，其中有人建议由成年礼的灰周三是被钢筋所形象化排除在神圣的奥秘，象征所挂的四旬期面纱之前圣殿。 But on this and the practice of beginning the fast on Ash Wednesday see LENT.但对这个问题的做法，一开始就快灰周三见贷出。
Publication information Written by Herbert Thurston.出版信息写赫伯特瑟斯顿。 Transcribed by Joseph P. Thomas.转录由约瑟夫体育托马斯。 The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume I. Published 1907.天主教百科全书第一卷出版， 1907年。 New York: Robert Appleton Company.纽约：罗伯特Appleton还公司。 Nihil Obstat, March 1, 1907. nihil obstat ， 1907年3月1日。 Remy Lafort, STD, Censor.人头马lafort ，性病，检查员。 Imprimatur. imprimatur 。 +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York +约翰farley枢机主教，大主教纽约
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