The term biblical archaeology refers to archaeological investigations that serve to clarify, enlighten, and enhance the biblical record.任期圣经考古指考古调查服务，以澄清，光照，并加强圣经记录。 Its development, from the 19th century, has been largely tied to the history of research and excavation in ancient Palestine.它的发展，从19世纪，大部分已经绑在历史的研究和发掘古代巴勒斯坦。
The American clergyman and biblical scholar Edward Robinson played a fundamental role in recognizing that an acquaintance with the Holy Land was essential to an understanding of biblical literature.美国牧师和圣经学者爱德华罗宾逊发挥了基础性作用，认识到一个熟人与圣地必须了解圣经文学。 After traveling in Sinai and Palestine, he published Biblical Researches in Palestine (1841), which inspired many other scholars to follow his lead.行后，在西奈半岛和巴勒斯坦，他发表了研究圣经的巴勒斯坦（ 1841 ） ，它激励着许多其他学者来追随他的领导。 The British founded the Palestine Exploration Fund (PEF) in 1865, and in 1867 the first PEF expedition was sent to Jerusalem to search for specific biblical sites, among them the location of Solomon's temple.英国创立了巴勒斯坦勘探基金（最大呼气流速） ，在1865年，并在1867年首次最大呼气流速加快，被送往耶路撒冷去寻找圣经中的具体地点，其中包括位置所罗门圣殿。
| BELIEVE 相信 Religious 宗教 Information 资讯 Source 源 web-site 网址： |
| Our List of 1,000 Religious Subjects 我们所列出的1000名宗教科目 |
| E-mail 电子邮箱 |
By the early 1900s, American, German, and French archaeological teams also began excavations in Palestine, directed primarily toward those cities mentioned in the Bible.由20世纪初以来，美国，德国和法国的考古队，也开始了挖掘工作，在巴勒斯坦，导演，主要是对那些城市中提到的圣经。 Pre-World War I excavations included work at Gezer, Jericho, Megiddo, Ta'anach, Samaria, and Beth-shemesh.一战前发掘工作，包括在gezer ，杰里科，麦吉多， ta'anach ，撒马利亚和Beth - shemesh 。 William Foxwell Albright directed the American School of Oriental Research in Jerusalem (founded 1910) in 1920-29 and 1933-36.威廉foxwell奥尔布赖特是针对美国学校的东方研究在耶路撒冷（ 1910年创立） ，在1920年至1929年和1933年至1936年。 His excavations at Tell Beit Mirsim (1926-32), supplied the framework for establishing the chronology of ancient Palestine based on ceramic typology, which is still used today with only minor changes.他的挖掘，告诉拜mirsim （ 1926至1932年） ，供应商的框架内建立时序巴勒斯坦古代陶瓷基类型，它仍然是使用的今天，只有轻微的变化。 The Palestine Department of Antiquities, established in 1918, played a major role in archaeological research until the state of Israel was formed in 1948.巴勒斯坦古迹部，成立于1918年，发挥了重大作用，在考古学研究，直到以色列国成立于1948年。 Since then, Israeli archaeologists have conducted several important excavations, including Yigael Yadin's work at Hazor (1955-58 and 1968-70) and at MASADA (1963-65), Yohanon Aharoni and Ruth Amiran's work at Arad (1962-67), and Yigal Shiloh's finds at the City of David in Jerusalem (1978-85).自那时起，以色列考古学家进行了几项重要的发掘工作，其中包括以色列学者也丁的工作hazor （ 1955年至1958年和1968年至1970年） ，并在马萨达（ 1963至1965年） ， yohanon aharoni和罗思amiran的工作，在阿拉德（ 1962年至1967年） ，以及yigal希洛的认定，在市大卫在耶路撒冷（ 1978年至1985年） 。
Although biblical archaeology concentrates on excavating and interpreting biblical sites, archaeological material of either the pre- or post-biblical era is often uncovered as well.虽然圣经考古主要集中在挖掘和诠释圣经遗址，考古材料，无论是前或后圣经时代，往往查出为好。 For example, the excavations of the American archaeologist James Pritchard at Gibeon, in addition to revealing the rock-cut water system mentioned in 2 Samuel, produced important pottery from a Bronze Age cemetery.举例来说，发掘工作的美国考古学家詹姆斯普里查德在基遍，除了揭示了岩石切割水系统中提到的第2萨穆埃尔，产生了重要的陶器，从青铜时代墓地。 Excavation at the important biblical site of Jericho has revealed little of significance dating from later than the 2d millennium BC.发掘中的重要圣经网站的杰里科透露一点的意义，可以追溯到不迟二维公元前3000年。 Its remains from 6 millennia earlier, however, show a large walled city that is the oldest known settlement in the world.它仍然是由6几千年来比较，但是，显示一个大城寨，这是已知最古老的解决，在世界上。
An important function of biblical archaeology has been to describe a setting in which the stories of the Old and New Testaments achieve a new and vivid meaning.的一个重要功能，圣经考古一直是形容一个设置在其中的故事，旧约和新约所有实现新的和生动的含义。 Inevitably, however, more problems have been discovered than have been resolved.无可避免地，但是，更多的问题被发现比也得到了解决。 The question of the nature and date of the Exodus and the manner of the conquest of Palestine by the Israelites is still open to debate, despite the large number of excavated sites.问题的性质和日期的外流和方式征服巴勒斯坦的犹太人仍然是开放的辩论中，尽管有大量的出土地点。 Since the Israelites left no characteristic artifacts during the early years of their settlement, it is virtually impossible to determine whether the destruction of a site in the 13th century BC was the work of the Israelites or the Egyptians.因为以色列人没有留下特征的文物，在最初几年他们的法律解决，几乎是不可能的，以决定是否销毁一工地，在13世纪，是在公元前的工作，以色列人或埃及人。 Sometimes the archaeological evidence seems to contradict the biblical record.有时，考古证据似乎违背了圣经的纪录。 Thus, although the city of Ai is recorded as having been captured by Joshua, no remains dating from the appropriate period were found during its excavation, which suggests that the site was unoccupied at the time of the supposed conquest.因此，虽然该市的爱是有记录视为已抓获约书亚，不仍然可以追溯到适当时期被发现，在它的挖掘，这表明该网站是在无人居住的时候，假定征服。
Jonathan N. Tubb乔纳森12月31日塔伯
Bibliography: Dever, William G., Archaeology and Biblical Studies (1974); Kenyon, Kathleen M., Archaeology in the Holy Land, 4th ed.参考书目： dever ，威廉g. ，考古学与圣经研究（ 1974年） ;肯扬，凯瑟琳米，考古圣地，第4版。 (1979); Negev, Avrahem, ed., Archaeological Encyclopedia of the Holy Land (1974; repr. 1980); Millard, AR, Treasures from Bible Times (1985); Paul, Shalom, and Dever, William, eds., Biblical Archaeology (1973); Thomas, Winton D., Archaeology and Old Testament Study (1967); Wright, G. Ernest, Biblical Archaeology, rev. （ 1979年） ;内格夫， avrahem ，版，考古百科全书的圣地（ 1974年; repr 。 1980年） ; Millard法，氩，宝藏，从圣经时代（ 1985年） ;保罗，沙洛姆，并dever ，威廉合编，圣经考古学（ 1973 ） ，托马斯，运通泰博士，考古与旧约研究（ 1967年） ;赖特g.欧内斯特，圣经考古，冯智活。 ed.教育署。 (1963). （ 1963 ） 。
This subject presentation in the original English language这一主题演讲，在原有的英语
Send an e-mail question or comment to us: E-mail邮件发送问题或意见给我们： 电子邮箱
The main BELIEVE web-page (and the index to subjects) is at http://mb-soft.com/believe/beliecha.html主要相信网页（和索引科目） ，是在http://mb-soft.com/believe/beliecha.html