Ali Ben Abu Talib
(656-661) (1st Imam) Ali Ben Abu Talib (656-661) (1.
Imam)
al-Hasan (661-669) (2nd
Imam) Al-Hasan (661-669) (2. Imam)
al-Husayn (669-680) (3rd
Imam) Al-Husain (669-680) (3. Imam)
Ali Zayn al-'Abidin
(680-713) (4th Imam) Ali Zayn al-'Abidin (680-713) (4.
Imam)
Muhammad
al-Baqir (713-733) (5th Imam) Muhammad Baqir
al-(713-733) (5. Imam)
Ja'far al-Sadiq
(733-765) Ja'far al-Sadiq (733-765)
(or Jafar ibn Muhammad) (6th
Imam) (Oder Jafar ibn Muhammad) (6. Imam)
(Ismailis,
Isma'iliyyah) (Ismaeliten, Isma'iliyyah)
(Sevener Shi'ites)
(Sevener Schiiten)
Ismail (died before,
760,) Ismail (starb vor 760,)
(7th
imam, last for Ismailis) (7. Imam, zuletzt für die
Ismaeliten)
or Muhammad , his
son Oder Muhammad, sein Sohn
(either is considered to
still be alive, hiding) (Entweder als immer noch lebendig,
verstecken)
(Fatimids) (through
Ismail) (Fatimiden) (durch Ismail)
Ubayd Allah al-Mahdi
(909- ) Ubayd Allah al-Mahdi (909 -)
al-Qa'im
Al-Qa'im
al-Mansur
-972) Al-Mansur -972)
Moizz (972- )
Moizz (972 -)
Al-Hakim (3rd
Fatimid Caliph) Al-Hakim (3. Kalif Fatimiden)
Abu 'Ali al-Mansur
al-Hakim (985-1021) Abu 'Ali al-Mansur al-Hakim
(985-1021)
(6th Fatimid Caliph)
(6. Fatimiden Kalifen)
al-Mustansir (
-1094) Al-Mustansir (-1094)
al-Mustali (1094- )
began Musta'liyyah Al-Mustali (1094 -) begann
Musta'liyyah
he
killed brother, Nizar , began Nizariyyah, Nizaris,
Khojas Er Bruder getötet, Nizar, begann Nizariyyah,
Nizaris, Khojas
(
-1171) (-1171)
(overthrown by Saladin
1171) (1171)
(but
endures as the Druzes) (Aber erträgt als Druzes)
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Twelver Shi'ites,
Imamiyyah Twelver Schiiten, Imamiyyah
(Ithna Ashariyya)
(Ithna Ashariyya)
Musa al-Kazim
(765-799) (7th imam) Musa al-Kazim (765-799) (7.
Imam)
'Ali al-Rida
(799-818) (8th Imam) 'Ali al-Rida (799-818) (8.
Imam)
Muhammad al-Jawad
(818-835) (9th Imam) Muhammad al-Jawad (818-835) (9.
Imam)
'ali al-Hadi
(835-868) (10th Imam) 'Oder al-Hadi (835-868) (10.
Imam)
al-Hasan al-'Askari
(868-874) (11th Imam) Al-Hasan al-'Askari (868-874)
(11. Imam)
had student ibn
Nusayr (d.868), began Nusayris, Nusayriyyah Student hatte
ibn Nusayr (d.868), begann Nusayris, Nusayriyyah
Muhammad al-Mahdi
(12th Imam, last) Muhammad al-Mahdi (12. Imam,
letzte)
(considered to still be
alive, hiding) (Als immer noch lebendig, verstecken)
(Buwayhids)
(Buwayhids)
(945-
) (945 -)
Adid
( -1171) Adid (-1171)
(conquered by Saladin
1171) (1171)
Ayyubids
Ayyubids
Saladin (1171-1193)
Saladin (1171-1193)
al-Adil (1193-1218)
Al-Adil (1193-1218)
al-Kamil (1218-1238)
Al-Kamil (1218-1238)
(
-1249) (-1249)
(conquered by Mamelukes
1249) (1249)
(Babis)
(Babis)
(1830- ) (1830
-)
Ali
Muhammad Shirazi ( -1850), started Babism Ali Muhammad
Shirazi (-1850), startete Babism
Mirza
Husayn Ali Nuri (c.1863), started Ba'hai Mirza Husain Ali
Nuri (c.1863), startete Ba'hai
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. (c. 650 - c.720) Often called the
Puritans of Islam, as they demanded purity of conscience as well as
body. (C. 650 - c.720) Oft genannt Puritanern des Islam, wie sie
verlangt Reinheit des Gewissens als auch Körper. They tended to brand everyone who
did not agree with them as unbelievers. Sie neigten zu Marke alle,
die nicht einverstanden sind mit ihnen als Ungläubigen. A sub-sect, the Azraqites,
believed in such rigid following of the Koran as to massacre large groups
of Muslims who had allegedly committed grave sins. A sub-Sekte, die
Azraqites, glaubte an diese starre folgenden des Koran zu Massaker von
großen Gruppen von Muslimen hatte angeblich schwere Sünden. Interestingly, Kharijites were
very tolerant of non-Muslims. Interessanterweise Kharijites waren
sehr tolerant gegenüber Nicht-Muslimen. |
Umayyad Caliphs
(661-750) Umayyaden-Kalifen (661-750)
- Muawiyah I ibn Abu
Sufyan (661-680) Ich Muawiyah ibn Abu Sufyan
(661-680)
related to Uthman Im
Zusammenhang mit Uthman
- Yazid
I ibn Muawiyah (680-683) Ich Muawiyah ibn Yazid
(680-683)
- Muawiya II ibn Yazid
(683-684) Muawiya II. ibn Yazid (683-684)
- Marwan
I (684-685) Marwan I (684-685)
- Abd
al-Malik ibn Marwan (685-705) Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan
(685-705)
- al-Walid I ibn Abd
al-Malik (705-715) Ich al-Walid ibn Abd al-Malik
(705-715)
- Suleiman ibn Abd
al-Malik (715-717) Suleiman ibn Abd al-Malik
(715-717)
- Umar
ibn Abd al-Aziz (717-720) Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz
(717-720)
- Yazid
II ibn Abd al-Malik (720-724) Yazid II. ibn Abd
al-Malik (720-724)
- Hisham
ibn Abd al-Malik (724-743) Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik
(724-743)
- al-Walid II ibn Abd
al-Malik (743-744) Al-Walid II. ibn Abd al-Malik
(743-744)
- Yazid
III ibn Abd al-Malik (744) Yazid III ibn Abd al-Malik
(744)
- Ibrahim ibn Abd al-Malik
(744) Ibrahim ibn Abd al-Malik (744)
- Marwan
II (744-750) Marwan II. (744-750)
(end of
Umayyad) (Ende der Umayyaden)
(conquered by Abbasids
750) (Erobert durch die Abbasiden 750)
Umayyad
Caliphs of Cordoba Umayyaden-Kalifen von Cordoba
(Spanish
Umayyads) (929-1031) (Spanisch Omajjaden) (929-1031)
- Abd-ar-rahman I, escaped to
Spain, 756-788 Abd-ar-rahman I, flüchtete nach Spanien,
756-788
- Abd-ar-rahman III , as
caliph, 929-961 Abd-ar-rahman III, als Kalif,
929-961
- Al-Hakam II ,
961-976 Al-Hakam II, 961-976
- Hisham
II , 976-1008 Hisham II, 976-1008
- civil war
(1008-1028) Bürgerkrieg (1008-1028)
- Mohammed II ,
1008-1009 Mohammed II, 1008-1009
- Suleiman ,
1009-1010 Suleiman, 1009-1010
- Hisham
II , restored, 1010-1012 Hisham II, restauriert,
1010-1012
- Suleiman , restored,
1012-1017 Suleiman, restauriert, 1012-1017
- Abd-ar-rahman IV ,
1021-1022 Abd-ar-rahman IV, 1021-1022
- Abd-ar-rahman V ,
1022-1023 Abd-ar-rahman V, 1022-1023
- Muhammad III ,
1023-1024 Muhammad III, 1023-1024
- Hisham
III , 1027-1031 Hischam III, 1027-1031
Abbasid Caliphs of Baghdad
(750-1258) Abbasidischen Kalifen von Bagdad
(750-1258)
descendants of Prophet's uncle
Abbas Nachkommen des Propheten Onkel Abbas
Sunnites
Sunnites
- Abu'l
Abbas Al-Saffah 750-754 Abu'l Abbas Al-Saffah
750-754
- Al-Mansur 754-775
Al-Mansur 754-775
- Al-Mahdi 775-785
Al-Mahdi 775-785
- Al-Hadi 785-786
Al-Hadi 785-786
- Harun
al-Rashid 786-809 Harun al-Rashid 786-809
- Al-Amin 809-813
Al-Amin 809-813
- Al-Ma'mun 813-833
Al-Ma'mun 813-833
- Al-Mu'tasim
833-842 Al-Mu'tasim 833-842
- Al-Wathiq 842-847
Al-Wathiq 842-847
- Al-Mutawakkil
847-861 Al-Mutawakkil 847-861
- Al-Muntasir
861-862 Al-Muntasir 861-862
- Al-Musta'in
862-866 Al-Musta'in 862-866
- Al-Mu'tazz
866-869 Al-Mu'tazz 866-869
- Al-Muhtadi
869-870 Al-Muhtadi 869-870
- Al-Mu'tamid
870-892 Al-Mutamid 870-892
- Al-Mu'tadid
892-902 Al-Mu'tadid 892-902
- Al-Muktafi
902-908 Al-Muktafi 902-908
- ??? ? (908, one
day) (908, ein Tag)
- Al-Muqtadir
908-932 Al-Muqtadir 908-932
- Al-Qahir 932-934
Al-Qahir 932-934
- Al-Radi 934-940
Al-Radi 934-940
- Al-Muttaqi
940-944 Al-Muttaqi 940-944
- Al-Mustakfi
944-946 Al-Mustakfi 944-946
- (by about
950, very little power) (Um ca. 950, sehr wenig Energie)
- Al-Muti 946-974
Al-Muti 946-974
- Al-Ta'i 974-991
Al-Ta'i 974-991
- Al-Qadir 991-1031
Al-Qadir 991-1031
- Al-Qa'im
1031-1075 Al-Qa'im 1031-1075
- Al-Muqtadi
1075-1094 Al-Muqtadi 1075-1094
- Al-Mustazhir
1094-1118 Al-Mustazhir 1094-1118
- Al-Mustarshid
1118-1135 Al-Mustarshid 1118-1135
- Al-Rashid
1135-1136 Al-Rashid 1135-1136
- Al-Muqtafi
1136-1160 Al-Muqtafi 1136-1160
- Al-Mustanjid
1160-1170 Al-Mustanjid 1160-1170
- Al-Mustadi
1170-1180 Al-Mustadi 1170-1180
- An-Nasir
1180-1225 An-Nasir 1180-1225
- Az-Zahir
1225-1226 Az-Zahir 1225-1226
- Al-Mustansir
1226-1242 Al-Mustansir 1226-1242
- Al-Musta'sim
1242-1258 Al-Mustasim 1242-1258
- (conquered by Mongols in
1258) (1258)
(Mamelukes)
(Mamelukes)
(first
Dynasty, Bahri) (1250-1382) (Erste Dynastie, Bahri)
(1250-1382)
(second
Dynasty, Burji) (1382-1517) (Zweite Dynastie, Burji)
(1382-1517)
[two
Caliphs, but just symbolic] [Zwei Kalifen, aber nur
symbolische]
(defeated
by Selim, 1517) (1517)
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