A creed is a brief, authorized summary of the Christian doctrine that is sometimes recited in church services as an affirmation of faith.一个简单的信条是，认可信仰基督教教义的摘要是在教会服务，有时背诵的肯定。Formulations of the Christian faith, presumably taken as the basis of teaching and evangelization, are to be found in the New Testament, although in a rudimentary form as in 1 Cor.信仰基督教的配方，可能采取的福传的基础教学，并要在新约中发现，尽管在1肺心病初级形式的研究。12:3.12:3。St. Paul wrote of believers who submitted without reservation to the creed that they were taught (Rom. 6:17).圣保罗说，信徒谁）提交无保留6:17的信条，他们教（罗马书。
Of the two classical creeds, the Apostles' Creed belongs in its essential content to the apostolic age, although it is not the work of the Apostles.在这两个经典教义， 使徒们的信条是属于它的基本内容，在使徒时代，虽然它不是使徒工作的。It had its origin in the form of a confession of faith used in the instruction of catechumens and in the liturgy of Baptism.它起源于慕道形式的招供教学中使用的信仰和礼仪的洗礼。The creed may have been learned by heart and at first transmitted orally (to protect it from profanation).该信条可能已熟读并在第一次转交口头（保护亵渎它从）。It is based on a formula current at Rome c.它是基于一个公式目前在罗马角200, although the present form of the text did not appear before the 6th century. 200，虽然目前的案文的形式并没有出现在6世纪。It is used by Roman Catholics and many Protestant churches but has never been accepted by the Eastern Orthodox churches.它由许多罗马天主教徒和新教教会，但从来没有被教会所接受东正教。
The other classical creed, the Nicene, was an expression of the faith of the church as defined at the Councils of Nicaea (325) and Constantinople (381), and later reaffirmed at the Councils of Ephesus (431) and Chalcedon (451).其他古典信条， 尼西亚，是一个教会的信仰表达了作为）所界定在安理会尼西亚（325）和君士坦丁堡（381，后来）重申安理会在以弗所（431）和迦克墩（451。 Based probably on the baptismal creed of Jerusalem, the Niceno - Constantinopolitan Creed contained a fuller statement concerning Christ and the Holy Spirit than the earlier formula.基于对可能的尼切诺洗礼信条耶路撒冷， -君士坦丁堡信条载有更充分的声明中关于耶稣和圣灵比以前的公式。Its use in eucharistic worship is not much earlier than the 5th century.它的使用在圣体崇拜没有多少世纪以前比五。The so - called Filioque ("and the Son") clause, expressing the double procession of the Spirit, was added at the Third Council of Toledo (589).所谓-所谓Filioque（“和子”）的条款，表达了双重游行的精神，是加在第三届理事会托莱多（589）。The Nicene Creed is used by Roman Catholics, many Protestants, and the Eastern Orthodox; the last, however, reject the Filioque clause.尼西亚信条是使用罗马天主教徒，许多新教徒和东正教，最后一次，但是，拒绝filioque条款。
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Ross MacKenzie罗斯麦肯齐
Bibliography
书目
JND Kelly, Early
Christian Creeds (1972); JH Leith, ed., Creeds of the Churches (1982); P Schaff,
The Creeds of Christendom (1977).
JND的凯利，早期1972年）基督教教义（;家雷斯，教育署。，教义的教会（1982年）; p沙夫，教义的基督教（1977年）。
"Creed" derives from the Latin credo, "I believe."“信条”的信条源于拉丁文，“我相信。”The form is active, denoting not just a body of beliefs but confession of faith.该表格是积极的，表明的不只是身体的信仰，但信仰的自白。This faith is trust: not "I believe that" (though this is included) but "I believe in."这个信念是信任：不是“我相信”（虽然这是包括在内），但“我相信，只有”It is also individual; creeds may take the plural form of "we believe," but the term itself comes from the first person singular of the Latin: "I believe."这也是个人;信条可能采取复数形式，我们相信“，”但这个词本身来自拉丁美洲的第一人奇异：“我相信。”
Indeed, if Acts 8:37 is authentic, it offers at the very first a simple creedal confession in baptism.事实上，如果行为8:37是真实的，它提供的是，在第一次以一个简单的洗礼教义的自白。This is, of course, exclusively Christological (cf. baptism in Christ's name in Acts 8:16; 10:48), leading to the theory that creeds consisted originally only of the second article.这是，当然，完全基督（参见洗礼，在基督的名字在行为8:16，10:48），导致理论信条文章由最初只在第二位。 Nevertheless, the NT also contains many passages, culminating in Matt.不过，新台币也包含许多段落，马特最终研究。28:19, which include either the Father or the Father and the Holy Spirit in a more comprehensive Trinitarian formulation of a doctrinal, confessional, or liturgical type. 28:19，其中包括制定一个教义，教派，或礼仪式无论是父亲或父亲和全面三位一体的圣灵更。
GW
Bromiley毛重罗米立
(Elwell Evangelical Dictionary)
（埃尔韦尔福音字典）
Bibliography
书目
FJ Badcock,
History of the Creeds; WA Curtis, History of the Creeds and Confessions of
Faith; O Cullmann, The Earliest Christian Confessions; JND Kelly, Early
Christian Creeds and Athanasian Creed; AC McGiffert, Apostles' Creed; P Schaff,
The Creeds of Christendom; HB Swete, Apostles'
Creed.巧的巴德科克，教义发展史;西澳柯蒂斯，历史的教义信仰和自白; Ø Cullmann，最早的基督教自白;
JND的凯利，早期基督教教义和亚他那修信经，交流麦吉弗特，使徒信经; p沙夫，教义的的基督教;乙肝斯威特，使徒们的信条。
(Latin credo, I believe).（拉丁信条，我相信）。
In general, a form of belief.一般来说，一个信仰的形式。The work, however, as applied to religious belief has received a variety of meanings, two of which are specially important.这项工作，但是，适用于宗教信仰收到了各种各样的意义，其中两个是特别重要的。(1) It signifies the entire body of beliefs held by the adherents of a given religion; and in this sense it is equivalent doctrine or to faith where the latter is used in its objective meaning.（1）它标志着整个一个给定的宗教信徒的信仰团体的举行，并在此意义上，它相当于学说或信仰其中后者的含义是用于其目标。 Such is its signification in expressions like "the conflict of creeds", "charitable works irrespective of creed", "the ethics of conformity of creed", etc. (2) In a somewhat narrower sense, a creed is a summary of the principal articles of faith professed by church or community of believers.这就是它的意义等，在表达式像“，”冲突的信条“，慈善事业不分信仰”，“合格的道德信条”（2）在有些狭义的，一个信条是总结的主要文章声称，信徒的信仰教会或社区。 Thus by the "creeds of Christendom" are understood those formulations of the Christian faith which at various times have been drawn up and accepted by one or the other of the Christian churches.因此，基督教的“信仰按”是可以理解的基督教教会的配方的基督教信仰在不同时期已经引起了起来，并接受由一个或另一个。 The Latins designate the creed in this sense by the name symbolum which means either a sign (symbolon) or a collection (symbole).拉丁人指定的信条在这个意义上由名称symbolum这意味着无论是符号（symbolon）或集合（symbole）。 A creed, then, would be the distinctive mark of those who hold a given belief, or a formula made up of the principal articles of that belief.一个信条，那么，将是这种信念的鲜明标志谁持有某一信仰的文章，主要还是上升了一个公式的。A "profession of faith" is enjoined by the Church on special occasions, as at the consecration of a bishop; while the phrase "confession of faith" is commonly applied to Protestant formularies, such as the "Augsburg Confession", the "Confession of Basle", etc. It should be noted, however, that the role of Faith is not identical with creed, but, in its formal signification, means the norm or standard by which one ascertains what doctrines are to be believed. The principal creeds of the Catholic Church, The Apostles', Athanasian, and the Nicene, are treated in special articles which enter into the historical details and the content of each.信念的“专业”是受命于特殊场合教会，截至主教祝圣的，而一句“信仰的自白”是普遍适用处方，如新教的“奥格斯堡自白”中，“忏悔的巴塞尔“等应当指出，但是，信仰不信仰的作用是相同的，但意义，在其正式的，是指规范或标准，其中之一肯定了什么学说是可以相信的。主要的信条天主教教会，使徒，亚他那修和尼西亚，在对待每一个特殊的文章，进入历史的细节内容和。 The liturgical use of the Creed is also explained in a separate article.该礼仪使用的信条，也是一个单独的文章中解释。For the present purpose it is chiefly important to indicate the function of the creed in the life of religion and especially in the work of the Catholic Church.对于现在的目的主要是重要的指示作用的宗教生活的信条，特别是在天主教教会的工作。That the teachings of Christianity were to be cast in some definite form is evidently implied in the commission given the Apostles (Matthew 28:19-20).基督教的教义是要形成一定是投在一些明显）马太28:19-20隐含在该委员会提供的使徒（。Since they were to teach all nations to observe whatsoever Christ had commanded, and since this teaching was to carry the weight of authority, not merely of opinion, it was necessary to formulate at last the essential doctrines.由于他们要教导所有国家遵守任何基督曾下令，因为这是进行教学的权威重量，而不是仅仅认为，有必要制定最后的基本教义。 Such formulation was all the more needful because Christianity was destined for all men and for all ages.这样的提法更needful因为基督教是注定所有男人和所有年龄。To preserve unity of belief itself was quite clearly stated.为了保持统一的信仰本身是很明确。The creed, therefore, is fundamentally an authoritative declaration of the truths that are to be believed.的信条，因此，可以认为基本上是一个权威性的宣言是为真理。
The Church, moreover, was organized as a visible society (see CHURCH).教会，而且是作为一个有形的社会组织（见堂）。Its members were called on not only to hold fast the teaching they had received, but also to express their beliefs.其成员呼吁不仅要坚持教学，他们已经收到，但也表达他们的信仰。As St. Paul says: "With her heart we believe unto justice; but, with the mouth, confession is made unto salvation" (Romans x, 10). Nor is the Apostle content with vague or indefinite statements; he insists that his followers shall "hold the form of sound words which thou hast heard of me in faith" (II Tim. i, 13), "embracing that faithful word which is according to doctrine, that he (the bishop) may be able to exhort in sound doctrine and to convince the gainsayers (Titus i, 9). Hence we can understand that a profession of faith was required of those who were to be baptized, as in the case of the eunuch (Acts 8:37); in fact the baptismal formula prescribed by Christ himself is an expression of faith in the Blessed Trinity. Apart then from the question regarding the composition of the Apostles' Creed, it is clear that from the beginning, and even before the New Testament had been written, some doctrinal formula, however concise, would have been employed both to secure uniformity in teaching and to place beyond doubt the belief of those who were admitted into the Church.由于圣保罗说：“随着她的心，我们相信你们绳之以法;但是，随着口，承认，就可以得救”（罗马书十，10）。也不是无限期的陈述内容具有模糊或使徒，他坚持认为，他的追随者应“的形式举行的信念在我说话的声音是你听过祢”（二添。我，13），“拥抱的忠实字，是按照理论，即他（主教）也许可以告诫声音学说和说服gainsayers（提图斯我，9）。因此，我们可以了解，一个专业的信仰是对那些被要求向谁受洗，如）案件的太监（徒8:37;事实上的洗礼基督自己规定的公式是三位一体的信仰表达祝福的。'四分五裂然后使徒从有关的问题组成，很显然，从一开始，甚至在新约圣经被写了一些理论公式然而简洁，本来就业既要保证教学的统一性和怀疑的地方超出了教会信仰的那些谁被获准进入。
Along with the diffusion of Christianity there sprang up in the course of time various heretical views regarding the doctrines of faith.随着基督教的兴起，扩散有信心在课程体系的理论观点的时间在各种邪教。It thus became necessary to define the truth of revelation more clearly.因此，它成为必要界定的启示真理的更清晰。The creed, in consequence, underwent modification, not by the introduction of new doctrines, but by the expression of the traditional belief in terms that left no room for error or misunderstanding.在后果的信条，接受改造，而不是由引进新的学说，而是由误解表达错误或传统信仰在该条款没有留下余地。 In this way the "Filioque" was added to the Nicene and the Tridentine Profession forth in full and definite statements the Catholic Faith on those points especially which the Reformers of the sixteenth century had assailed.在这个行业中提出尼西亚充分和明确的声明的天主教信仰对这些问题的方式“Filioque”已添加到与德律但丁特别是其中的16世纪的改革者了抨击。 At other times the circumstances required that special formulas should be drawn up in order to have the teaching of the Church explicitly stated and accepted; such was the profession of faith prescribed For the Greeks by Gregory XIII and that which Urban VIII and Benedict XIV prescribed for the Orientals(cf. Denzinger, Enchiridion).在其他时候的情况需要特别的公式应该是制定了以教会有明确规定的教学和接受，这样一个信念界的第十三规定的格雷戈里的希腊人，而这些城市的第八和本笃十四规定的东方人（参见登青格，便览）。 The creed therefore, is to be regarded not as a lifeless formula, but rather as a manifestation of the Church's vitality.的信条，因此，被视为是不是作为一个死板的公式，而是表现为生命力的教会。As these formulas preserve intact the faith once delivered to the saints, they are also an effectual means of warding off the incessant attacks of error.由于这些公式保存完好的一次交付圣徒的信仰来，他们也袭击的错误作为一种有效的手段了持续不断的守护。
On the other hand it should be remarked that the authoritative promulgation of a creed and its acceptance imply no infringement of the rights of reason.在另一方面，应该指出的一个信条权威颁布及验收意味着没有理由侵犯的权利。The mind tents naturally to express itself and especially to utter its thought in the form of language.心帐篷自然地表达自己的形式和语言，特别是对思想彻底的。Such expression, again, results in greater clearness and a firmer possession of the mental content.这样的表现，再次清晰导致更大的精神和内容，更坚定持有的。Whoever, then, really believes in the truths of Christianity cannot consistently object to such manifestation of his belief as the use of the creed implies It is also obviously illogical to condemn this use on the ground that is makes religion simply an affair of repeating or subscribing empty formulas.谁，那么，真正相信基督教的真理不能一贯反对信仰这种表现与他使用的信念作为意味着它也显然不合逻辑的谴责，这是用在地面，使宗教只是一个订阅事件的重复或空洞的公式。 The Church insists that the internal belief is the essential element, but this must find its outward expression.教会坚持认为，内部信念是必不可少的因素，但必须找到其向外表达。While the duty of believing rests on each individual, there are further obligations resulting from the social organization of the Church.虽然认为责任在于每个个人，有进一步的教会社会组织承担的义务造成的。Not only is each member obliged to refrain from what would weaken the faith of his fellow-believers, he is also bound, so far as he is able, to uphold and quicken their belief, The profession of his faith as set forth in the creed is at once an object-lesson in loyalty and a means of strengthening the bonds which unite the followers of Christ in "one Lord, one faith, one baptism".不仅是信教的每个成员必须避免什么家伙削弱他的信心，他也必然，只要他能，坚持和加快他们的信仰，信念和职业信条，他一如中提出的既是对象的忠诚和教训“是指加强债券，一个又一个信仰基督信徒团结在”一主，受洗。
Such motives are plainly of no avail where the selection of his beliefs is left to the individual.这种动机是明显的，任何人利用在那里他的信念是选择留下来的。He may, of course, adopt a series of articles or propositions and call it a creed; but it remains his private possession, and any attempt on this part to demonstrate its correctness can only result in disagreement.他可能，当然，采取一系列的文章或命题，并呼吁它的信条，但它仍然是他的私人拥有，任何企图在这个部分证明它的正确性，只能导致分歧。 But the attempt itself would be inconsistent, since he must concede to every one else the same right in the matter of framing a creed.但尝试本身将是不一致的信条，因为他必须承认每一个其他人相同的帧在这个问题上的权利。The final consequence must be, therefore, that faith is reduced to the level of views, opinions, or theories such as are entertained on purely scientific matters.最后的结果必须是，因此，诚信是减少到理论层面的看法，意见，或有事项的受理，如纯粹的科学。Hence it is not easy to explain, on the basis of consistence, the action of the Protestant Reformers.因此它是不容易解释的一致性，对基础上，改革者的行动的新教徒。Had the principle of private judgment been fully and strictly carried out, the formulation of creeds would have been unnecessary and, logically, impossible.如果判决的原则得到充分和私人严格执行，制定的信条本来不必要的，从逻辑上讲，是不可能的。The subsequent course of events has shown how little was to be accomplished by confession of faith, once the essential element of authority was rejected, From the inevitable multiplication of creeds has developed, in large measure, that demand for a "creedless Gospel" which contrasts so strongly with the claim that the Bible is the sole rule and the only source of faith.随后的事件过程中表现出了多么少所要完成的信念供认，一旦权力的基本要素被拒绝后，从信仰的必然滋生，发展，在很大程度上，这对比需求的“creedless福音”，这如此强烈的要求，圣经是唯一的规则和信仰的唯一源泉。 (See DOGMA, FAITH, PROTESTANTISM.)（见教条，信仰，基督教。）
Publication information Written by George J. Lucas.出版信息写卢卡斯乔治J.。Transcribed by Suzanne Plaisted.转录由苏珊普莱斯特德。In Memory of Reese Jackson The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume IV.在杰克逊记忆里斯天主教百科全书，第四卷。Published 1908.1908年出版。 New York: Robert Appleton Company.纽约：罗伯特Appleton还公司。Nihil Obstat.Nihil Obstat。Remy Lafort, Censor.雷米lafort，检查员。Imprimatur.认可。+John M. Farley, Archbishop of New York+约翰米farley，约克大主教新
Bibliography书目
DENZINGER, Enchiridion (Freiburg, 1908); MOHLER, Symbolism (NEW YORK, 1984); DUNLOP, Account of All the Ends and Uses of Creeds and Confessions of Faith, etc.登青格，便览（弗赖堡，1908年）;莫赫勒，象征主义（纽约，1984年）;邓洛普等帐目完所有的，并使用教义和信仰的自白 (London, 1724); BUTLER, An Historical and Literary Account of the Formularies, etc., (London, 1816); SCHAFF, The History of the Creeds of Christendom (London, 1878); GRANDMAISON, L'Estasticite des formules de Foi in Etudes 1898; CALKINS, Creeds and Tests of Church Membership in Andover Review (1890), 13; STERRETT, the Ethics of Creed Conformity (1890), ibid. （伦敦，1724年），巴特勒，历史和文学等帐户的处方集，（伦敦，1816年）;沙夫的）历史的基督教的教义（伦敦，1878年;格朗迈松的L' Estasticite德formules德福伊1898年在练习曲;卡尔金斯，教义和教会的成员在试验安多弗回顾（1890年），13人;斯特雷特的，伦理的信条整合（1890）同上。
This subject presentation in the original English language这在原来的主题演讲， 英语