| The term
Wahhabism is an outsiders' designation for the religious movement within
Islam founded by Muhammad ibn Abd al - Wahhab (1703 -
92).瓦哈比主义一词是一个局外人“为在伊斯兰宗教的穆罕默德伊本阿卜杜勒成立运动指定 - 瓦哈比（1703 - 92）。
Members
describe themselves as muwahhidun ("unitarians"), those who uphold firmly
the doctrine that God is one, the only one
(wahid).大家形容为muwahhidun（“神论”），那些谁坚持坚定的教义，上帝是一个，只有一个（瓦希德）自己。
This self
designation points to the movement's major characteristic, its opposition
to any custom and belief threatening and jeopardizing the glorification of
the one God. It condemns as illegal and un - Islamic the practice of
using the name of any prophet, saint, or angel in a prayer, of calling
upon any such beings for intercession and making vows to them, and of
visitations to tombs of saints. Adherents insist on a literal
interpretation of the Koran and a strict doctrine of
predestination.这种自我指定指向运动的一大特色，它反对任何习俗和信仰威胁和危害的一个上帝颂扬它谴责非法和联合国-伊斯兰使用任何先知的名字，圣人或天使在实践一个呼吁为说情任何这样的生命，使祈祷，发誓他们，向圣人坟墓探视。遗民在可兰经的字面解释的宿命，并坚持严格的教义。
Willem A Bijlefeld威廉阿Bijlefeld Bibliography:
参考书目： |
The BELIEVE Religious Information
Source web site is not connected with the organization described in this
presentation.该相信宗教信息来源网站没有连接，在此演示中描述的组织。This happens to be ONE of the
1,000 religious subjects which are included in
BELIEVE.这恰巧是信奉的是包括1000名宗教科目之一。
Our small Protestant Christian Church, which created and maintains the BELIEVE site, has no contact with the organization described here, so we cannot help in providing contacts or addresses.我们的小基督教新教教堂，创建和维护不管相信网站，没有在这里描述与组织的联系，所以我们不能帮助提供接触或地址。 In addition, since BELIEVE does not "sell" anything, we cannot help in finding books, icons or souvenirs.此外，由于不管相信不“卖”什么，我们不能帮助寻找书籍，图标或纪念品。 |
The political character of the movement took the form of opposition to the ruling Ottoman empire.该运动的政治人物采取了反对的形式向奥斯曼帝国统治。In 1744 Ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab formed an alliance with a local chieftain, Muhammad Ibn Sa'ud (1765), who accepted his doctrine and undertook its defence and propagation. 1744年伊本阿卜杜勒瓦哈比形成与当地酋长，穆罕默德伊本Sa'ud（1765），谁接受了他的学说，并承诺其国防和传播联盟。The demolition of shrines, tombstones and the capture of Mecca caused alarm in the Ottoman government which despatched an army to crush the movement.该神社，墓碑和麦加捕捉拆迁引起了奥斯曼帝国政府派遣军队的镇压运动报警。 The decisive defeat of the bedouin troops in 1818 brought to an end the first Sa'udi-Wahhabi venture.而在1818年的贝都因部队决定性的失败宣告结束第一Sa'udi -瓦哈比企业。
A remnant of the Wahhabi movement survived in a pocket of Central Arabia.一个幸存的瓦哈比运动的残余在沙特阿拉伯中部的口袋。In 1902 Abd al-Aziz Ibn Sa'ud, who was from the Sa'udi family and a follower of the bedouin faith of the Wahhabiyyah, took Riyadh, an event which led to his gradual conquest of the interior of the Arabian peninsula. 1902年阿卜杜勒阿齐兹伊本Sa'ud，谁从Sa'udi家庭和一个贝都因人的Wahhabiyyah信仰的追随者是，花了利雅得，事件导致他对阿拉伯半岛内部逐渐征服。 In 1927 Sa'ud signed a treaty with the British (who at that time were controlling parts of the Arabian peninsula) which gave him full independence in exchange for his recognition of British suzerainty over the Gulf sheikdoms. 1927年Sa'ud与英国签订了（当时是谁控制了阿拉伯半岛的部分），它给了他在为他的宗主权承认英国在海湾sheikdoms交换完全独立的条约。 Finally in 1932 he named his state the kingdom of Saudi Arabia.终于在1932年他命名了他的国家是沙特阿拉伯王国。Wahhabiyyah then became the official doctrine of the state.Wahhabiyyah然后成为了国家的官方学说。Today the Saudi state remains firmly rooted in the Wahhabi creed.今天，国家仍然牢牢掌握在沙特的瓦哈比主义根深蒂固。
Bülent
Þenay湍流Þenay
Overview of World Religions
Project概述世界宗教项目
This subject presentation in the original English language这在原来的主题演讲， 英语