Theology, Ashariyyah, AshariAshari （逊尼派）Ashari （逊尼派）中文 - Zhong Wen

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Doctrines教义

Ash'ariyyah theology represents a reaction against the extreme rationalism of the Mu'tazilah. It holds that human reason should fall under the authority of divine revelation. Human reason is incapable of discerning good and evil; the goodness or evil of a particular action depends upon God's declaring it to be so. Ash'ariyyah神学表示反对极端理性主义的Mu'tazilah的反应，它认为，人类理性应该属于神的启示的权威，人的理性是无法挑剔的善恶。善良或邪恶的一个特别行动取决于在神的宣告它是如此。 Humanity can only acquire religious truths through revelation.人类只能获得通过启示的宗教真理。

A second aspect of Ash'ariyyah theology concerned the nature of the divine attributes. Contrary to the Mu'tazilites, who understood Qur'anic references to God's physical attributes metaphorically, Ash'ari theology argued for the veracity of these attributes while rejecting all crudely anthropomorphic conceptions of God. Ash'ariyyah神学的第二个方面是神圣属性的性质相反的穆尔太齐赖派，理解古兰经引用上帝的物理属性比喻，阿什阿里神学认为这些属性的真实性，同时拒绝所有粗制滥造拟人化的神的概念。

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Thirdly, contrary to Mu'tazilah theology, Ash'ariyyah taught that the Qur'an was eternal and, therefore, uncreated. Human actions, however, are entirely dependent upon God's providing the means and power to act. 第三，违背Mu'tazilah神学，Ash'ariyyah教，“古兰经”是永恒的，因此，自存。然而，人类的行为，完全取决于神的行为的手段和权力的依赖。 This teaching had the purpose of preserving the doctrine of divine omnipotence, but gradually led to the formation of a deterministic outlook.这种教学维护神圣的全能主义的目的，而是逐渐形成一个确定性的前景。

History历史

The systematization of Sunni theology in the tenth century was done in reaction to the emergence of heterodox schismatic groups in previous centuries, particularly Mu'tazilah.在十世纪的逊尼派神学系统化反应异端分裂的群体出现在几个世纪以前，特别是Mu'tazilah。The founder of Ash'ariyyah, Abu al-Hasan (873-935), was formerly a Mu'tazilite.Ash'ariyyah创始人，阿布 - 哈桑（873-935），前身是Mu'tazilite。He wrote a number of important books which became the foundation of Ash'arite theology such as the Kitab al-Ibanah (The Book of Elucidations) and also an extensive work on the views of various Islamic schools and sects called Maqalat al-Islamiyyin (Doctrines of the Muslims).他写了一篇重要著作，成为“报载AL - Ibanah（图书阐发）和各种伊斯兰学校和教派的意见，进行了广泛的工作，如Ash'arite神学的基础，称为Maqalat AL - Islamiyyin（教义穆斯林）。

Another major figure in the development of Ash'arite theology was the Sufi theologian and jurist al-Ghazzali (1058-1111).Ash'arite神学发展的另一个重要人物是苏菲的神学家和法学家AL - Ghazzali（1058 - 1111）。Through al-Ghazzali and other prominent theologians - such as Al-Baqillani (d.1013), al-Baghdadi (d.1038), al-Djuwayni (d.1085) and al-Shahrastani (d.1153) - Ashariyyah spread throughout the Sunni Islamic world.通过AL - Ghazzali和其他著名的神学家 - 如铝Baqillani（d.1013），AL -巴格达迪（d.1038），AL - Djuwayni（d.1085）和AL - Shahrastani（d.1153） - Ashariyyah传遍逊尼派伊斯兰世界。It is now dominant in Iraq, Syria, Egypt and Northwest Africa, and has a strong presence in Central Asia and Anatolia and to a lesser extent in India and Pakistan.现在占主导地位的伊拉克，叙利亚，埃及和非洲西北部，并已在中亚和安纳托利亚，并在印度和巴基斯坦的程度较轻的一个强大的存在。

Along with the Maturidiyyah school of theology, Ashariyyah remains the dominant source of theology in the Sunni world.随着Maturidiyyah神学学校，Ashariyyah仍然神学的逊尼派穆斯林世界的主要来源。

Symbols符号

As a school of theology, Ash'ariyyah does not identify itself through the use of symbols.作为一个神学的学校，Ash'ariyyah不通过使用符号识别本身。

Adherents遗民

The majority of those who follow the Malikite jurisprudential madhhab, which is comprised of 13% of worldwide Sunni Muslims, and some 75% of those who follow the Shafi'ite jurisprudential madhhab, which constitutes some 33% of worldwide Sunni Muslims, and a very small proportion of those who follow the Hanafite and Hanbalite jurisprudential madhhabs follow the Ash'arite school of theology.那些遵循，这是全世界逊尼派穆斯林，13％和那些跟随Shafi'ite法理madhhab，构成全世界逊尼派穆斯林约有33％中，约有75％的组成的Malikite法理madhhab的大部分，以及一个非常按照哈纳非特Hanbalite法理madhhabs那些小的比例，遵循Ash'arite神学学校。

Headquarters / Main Centre总部/主要中心

The school has no headquarters or main centre.学校有没有总部或主要中心。

Bülent Þenay比伦特埃杰Þenay
Overview of World Religions Project世界宗教项目概述

Also, see:此外，见：
Islam, Muhammad伊斯兰教，穆罕默德
Koran, Qur'an可兰经，可兰经
Pillars of Faith支柱的信仰
Abraham 亚伯拉罕
Testament of Abraham全书亚伯拉罕
Allah 安拉
Hadiths hadiths
Revelation - Hadiths from Book 1 of al-Bukhari启示-h adiths从第一册的基地布哈里
Belief - Hadiths from Book 2 of al-Bukhari信仰-h adiths从第二册的基地布哈里
Knowledge - Hadiths from Book 3 of al-Bukhari知识-h adiths从第三册的基地布哈里
Times of the Prayers - Hadiths from Book 10 of al-Bukhari时代的祈祷-h adiths从书展1 0个基地布哈里
Shortening the Prayers (At-Taqseer) - Hadiths from Book 20 of al-Bukhari缩短祈祷（在taqseer ） -h adiths从书展2 0铝布哈里
Pilgrimmage (Hajj) - Hadiths from Book 26 of al-Bukhari朝圣（朝觐） -h adiths从书展2 6铝布哈里
Fighting for the Cause of Allah (Jihad) - Hadiths of Book 52 of al-Bukhari争取事业的阿拉（杰哈德） -h adiths图书5 2铝布哈里
ONENESS, UNIQUENESS OF ALLAH (TAWHEED) - Hadiths of Book 93 of al-Bukhari同一性，独特的阿拉（ tawheed ） -h adiths图书9 3铝布哈里
Hanafiyyah School Theology (Sunni)hanafiyyah学校神学（逊尼派）
Malikiyyah School Theology (Sunni)malikiyyah学校神学（逊尼派）
Shafi'iyyah School Theology (Sunni)shafi'iyyah学校神学（逊尼派）
Hanbaliyyah School Theology (Sunni)hanbaliyyah学校神学（逊尼派）
Maturidiyyah Theology (Sunni)maturidiyyah神学（逊尼派）
Ash'ariyyah Theology (Sunni)ash'ariyyah神学（逊尼派）
Mutazilah Theologymutazilah神学
Ja'fari Theology (Shia)ja'fari神学（什叶派）
Nusayriyyah Theology (Shia)nusayriyyah神学（什叶派）
Zaydiyyah Theology (Shia)zaydiyyah神学（什叶派）
Kharijiyyah kharijiyyah
Imams (Shia)伊玛目（什叶派）
Druze 德鲁兹
Qarmatiyyah (Shia)qarmatiyyah （什叶派）
Ahmadiyyah ahmadiyyah
Ishmael, Ismail伊斯梅尔，司马义。
Early Islamic History Outline早在伊斯兰历史纲要
Hegira hegira
Averroes averroes
Avicenna 阿维森纳
Machpela machpela
Kaaba, Black Stone天房，黑石头
Ramadan 斋月
Sunnites, Sunni逊尼派，逊尼派
Shiites, Shia什叶派，什叶派
Mecca 麦加
Medina 麦迪
Sahih, al-Bukharisahih ，铝-布哈里
Sufism 苏非派
Wahhabism 瓦哈比主义
Abu Bakr阿布巴克尔
Abbasids abbasids
Ayyubids ayyubids
Umayyads 倭马亚王朝
Fatima 法蒂玛
Fatimids (Shia)法蒂玛王朝（什叶派）
Ismailis (Shia)伊斯玛仪教派（什叶派）
Mamelukes mamelukes
Saladin 萨拉丁
Seljuks seljuks
Aisha 的Aisha
Ali 阿里
Lilith lilith
Islamic Calendar伊斯兰日历
Interactive Muslim Calendar互动穆斯林日历

This subject presentation in the original English language这在原来的主题演讲，英语