Ayyubids
艾優卜王朝 阿尤布
General Information 一般資料
The Ayyubids were
members of the Islamic dynasty founded (1171) by Saladin, which ruled Egypt,
Muslim Syria-Palestine, Upper Mesopotamia, and
Yemen.該ayyubids成員的伊斯蘭王朝創始人之一( 1171 )
,由薩拉丁,裁定埃及,穆斯林敘利亞和巴勒斯坦,上美索不達米亞平原,和也門。 During the Ayyubid period, Egypt became
the main base of Muslim military strength in the Middle East; subsequently, the
Ayyubids were able to reduce the Crusader states
substantially.在艾優卜時期,埃及成為主要基地的穆斯林軍事實力在中東;其後, ayyubids能夠減少十字軍國大為。
The dynasty also promoted a strongly
orthodox religious and educational policy, which aided the revival of Arabic
learning.王朝,也促進了強烈的正統宗教與教育政策,其中計算機輔助復甦的阿拉伯語學習。
At Saladin's
death in 1193, the empire was divided among his family, but central control was
kept by his brother al-Adil (d. 1218) and his brother's son al-Kamil (d.
1238).在薩拉丁的死亡在1193 ,帝國被分化他的家人,但中央控制被關,他的弟弟基地阿迪爾(四1218
)和他的弟弟的兒子基地卡米勒(四第1238 ) 。 Under them, Saladin's activist policy
gave place to one of detente with the Crusaders; it allowed, particularly, for
increased trade with
Europe.根據他們的,薩拉丁的活動家政策,讓出其位,其中一個緩和與十字軍的,它不允許,尤其是增加貿易與歐洲。
After al-Kamil's
death, the dynasty was rent by internal quarrels caused mainly by the Turkish
slave army, the Mamelukes, who seized power and ended Ayyubid rule in Egypt in
1249.經過基地卡米勒去世後,王朝租金由內部爭吵引起的,主要是由土耳其奴隸軍隊, mamelukes
,誰奪取政權,結束了艾優卜統治埃及在1249年。
Michael W. Dols邁克爾小dols
Bibliography:
參考書目:
Humphreys, RS, From Saladin to the
Mongols (1977).堪富利士,自動倉儲系統,從薩拉丁以蒙古人( 1977 ) 。
Also, see:此外,見:
Islam,
Muhammad 伊斯蘭教,穆罕默德
Koran,
Qur'an 可蘭經,可蘭經
Pillars
of Faith 支柱的信仰
Abraham
亞伯拉罕
Testament
of Abraham 全書亞伯拉罕
Allah
安拉
Hadiths
hadiths
Revelation
- Hadiths from Book 1 of al-Bukhari 啟示-h
adiths從第一冊的基地布哈里
Belief
- Hadiths from Book 2 of al-Bukhari 信仰-h
adiths從第二冊的基地布哈里
Knowledge
- Hadiths from Book 3 of al-Bukhari 知識-h
adiths從第三冊的基地布哈里
Times
of the Prayers - Hadiths from Book 10 of al-Bukhari 時代的祈禱-h
adiths從書展1 0個基地布哈里
Shortening
the Prayers (At-Taqseer) - Hadiths from Book 20 of al-Bukhari 縮短祈禱(在taqseer
) -h adiths從書展2 0鋁布哈里
Pilgrimmage
(Hajj) - Hadiths from Book 26 of al-Bukhari 朝聖(朝覲)
-h adiths從書展2 6鋁布哈里
Fighting
for the Cause of Allah (Jihad) - Hadiths of Book 52 of al-Bukhari 爭取事業的阿拉(傑哈德)
-h adiths圖書5 2鋁布哈里
ONENESS,
UNIQUENESS OF ALLAH (TAWHEED) - Hadiths of Book 93 of al-Bukhari 同一性,獨特的阿拉
( tawheed
) -h adiths圖書9 3鋁布哈里
Hanafiyyah
School Theology (Sunni) hanafiyyah學校神學(遜尼派)
Malikiyyah
School Theology (Sunni) malikiyyah學校神學(遜尼派)
Shafi'iyyah
School Theology (Sunni) shafi'iyyah學校神學(遜尼派)
Hanbaliyyah
School Theology (Sunni) hanbaliyyah學校神學(遜尼派)
Maturidiyyah
Theology (Sunni) maturidiyyah神學(遜尼派)
Ash'ariyyah
Theology (Sunni) ash'ariyyah神學(遜尼派)
Mutazilah
Theology mutazilah神學
Ja'fari
Theology (Shia) ja'fari神學(什葉派)
Nusayriyyah
Theology (Shia) nusayriyyah神學(什葉派)
Zaydiyyah
Theology (Shia) zaydiyyah神學(什葉派)
Kharijiyyah
kharijiyyah
Imams
(Shia) 伊瑪目(什葉派)
Druze
德魯茲
Qarmatiyyah
(Shia) qarmatiyyah
(什葉派)
Ahmadiyyah
ahmadiyyah
Ishmael,
Ismail 伊斯梅爾,司馬義。
Early
Islamic History Outline 早在伊斯蘭歷史綱要
Hegira
hegira
Averroes
averroes
Avicenna
阿維森納
Machpela
machpela
Kaaba,
Black Stone 天房,黑石頭
Ramadan
齋月
Sunnites,
Sunni 遜尼派,遜尼派
Shiites,
Shia 什葉派,什葉派
Mecca
麥加
Medina
麥迪
Sahih,
al-Bukhari sahih
,鋁-布哈里
Sufism
蘇非派
Wahhabism
瓦哈比主義
Abu
Bakr 阿布巴克爾
Abbasids
abbasids
Ayyubids
ayyubids
Umayyads
倭馬亞王朝
Fatima
法蒂瑪
Fatimids
(Shia) 法蒂瑪王朝(什葉派)
Ismailis
(Shia) 伊斯瑪儀教派(什葉派)
Mamelukes
mamelukes
Saladin
薩拉丁
Seljuks
seljuks
Aisha
的Aisha
Ali
阿里
Lilith
lilith
Islamic
Calendar 伊斯蘭日曆
Interactive
Muslim Calendar 互動穆斯林日曆
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